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| − | {{short description|Outdoor events celebrating lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) social and self acceptance, achievements, legal rights, and pride}}
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| − | {{Distinguish|The Gay Parade}}
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| − | {{Infobox recurring event
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| − | |name = <!--Uses page name if omitted-->
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| − | |image = São Paulo LGBT Pride Parade 2014 (14108541924).jpg
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| − | |image_size =300px
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| − | |alt = Image of 2014 pride parade in São Paulo
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| − | |caption = 18th annu al [[São Paulo Gay Pride Parade]], 2014. In 2006, it was considered the biggest pride parade in the world by ''[[Guinness World Records]]'' with an estimated 2.5 million participants.
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| − | |status = active
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| − | |genre = festival and parade
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| − | |date = <!-- {{start date |1970 |06 |28}} -->
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| − | |begins = <!-- {{start date |YYYY |mm |dd}} -->
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| − | |ends = <!-- {{end date |YYYY |mm |dd }} -->
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| − | |frequency = Annually, often late June
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| − | |venue =
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| − | |location = urban locations worldwide
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| − | |coordinates = <!-- {{coord |LAT |LON |type:event |display=inline,title}} -->
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| − | |country =
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| − | |years_active = {{age |1970 |06 |28}}
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| − | |first = {{start date |1970 |06 |28}}
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| − | |founder_name = <!-- or | founders = -->
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| − | }}
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| − | {{LGBT sidebar}}
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| − | {{Use mdy dates|date=November 2014}}
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| − | '''Pride parades''' (also known as '''pride marches''', '''pride events''', and '''pride festivals''') are outdoor events celebrating [[lesbian]], [[gay]], [[bisexual]], [[transgender]], and [[queer]] ([[LGBTI|LGBTQ]]) social and self acceptance, achievements, [[LGBT rights by country or territory|legal rights]] and [[gay pride|pride]]. The events also at times serve as demonstrations for legal rights such as [[same-sex marriage]]. Most pride events occur annually, and many take place around June to commemorate the 1969 [[Stonewall riots]] in [[New York City LGBT Pride March|New York City]], a pivotal moment in modern [[LGBT social movements|LGBTQ social movements]].<ref>{{citation |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/blog/2011/06/09/pride-parade/ |title=How the Pride Parade Became Tradition |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160422105803/http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/americanexperience/blog/2011/06/09/pride-parade/ |archivedate=2016-04-22 |accessdate=2017-07-01}}</ref>
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| − | As of 2017, plans were advancing by the [[State of New York]] to host in 2019 the largest international LGBT pride celebration in history, known as [[Stonewall 50 – WorldPride NYC 2019]],<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-commemoration-50th-anniversary-stonewall-rebellion-2019|title=Governor Cuomo Announces Commemoration of 50th Anniversary of Stonewall Rebellion in 2019|publisher=State of New York|date=June 25, 2017|accessdate=November 4, 2018}}</ref> to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the Stonewall Riots. In New York City, the Stonewall 50 - WorldPride NYC 2019 events produced by [[Heritage of Pride]] will be enhanced through a partnership made with the [[I Love New York|I <span style="color:red;">❤</span> NY]] program's LGBT division and shall include a welcome center during the weeks surrounding the Stonewall 50 / WorldPride events that will be open to all. Additional commemorative arts, cultural, and educational programming to mark the 50th anniversary of the rebellion at the [[Stonewall Inn]] will be taking place throughout the city and [[LGBT rights by country or territory|the world]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-cuomo-announces-commemoration-50th-anniversary-stonewall-rebellion-2019|title=Governor Cuomo Announces Commemoration of 50th Anniversary of Stonewall Rebellion in 2019|publisher=State of New York|date=June 25, 2017|accessdate=November 17, 2018}}</ref>
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| − | [[File:Stonewall_Inn_5_pride_weekend_2016.jpg|thumb|upright=1.25|The [[Stonewall Inn]], in [[Greenwich Village]], [[LGBT culture in New York City|Manhattan]], the site of the June 1969 [[Stonewall riots]], which spawned the [[gay rights]] movement and pride parades around the world.<ref name=GayGreenwichVillage1>{{cite web|url=https://theculturetrip.com/north-america/usa/new-york/articles/why-new-york-city-is-a-major-destination-for-lgbt-travelers/|title=Why New York City Is a Major Destination for LGBT Travelers|author=Julia Goicichea|publisher=The Culture Trip|date=August 16, 2017|accessdate=February 2, 2019}}</ref><ref name=GayGreenwichVillage2>{{cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2016/06/25/nyregion/stonewall-inn-named-national-monument-a-first-for-gay-rights-movement.html
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| − | |title=Stonewall Inn Named National Monument, a First for the Gay Rights Movement|author=Eli Rosenberg|newspaper=The New York Times|date=June 24, 2016|accessdate=June 25, 2016}}</ref><ref name=GayGreenwichVillage3>{{cite web |url=http://www.nps.gov/diversity/stonewall.htm |title=Workforce Diversity The Stonewall Inn, National Historic Landmark National Register Number: 99000562 |publisher=National Park Service, U.S. Department of the Interior |accessdate=April 21, 2016}}</ref>]]
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| − | ==Background==
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| − | {{See also|Stonewall riots|Gay pride}}
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| − | At the beginning of the [[gay rights]] protest movement, news on [[Cuba]]n [[labor camp|prison work camps]] for homosexuals inspired the [[Mattachine Society]] to organize protests at the [[United Nations]] and the [[White House]], in 1965.<ref name=DB>{{cite web|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/fidel-castros-horrific-record-on-gay-rights|title=Fidel Castro’s Horrific Record on Gay Rights|date=27 November 2016|journal=Daily Beast}}</ref> Early on the morning of Saturday June 28, 1969, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender persons rioted following a police raid on the [[Stonewall Inn]] in the [[Greenwich Village]] neighborhood of [[Manhattan]], New York City.<ref name="NyTimes">''The New York Times'', June 29, 1969</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.uky.edu/~lbarr2/gws250spring11_files/Page1186.htm|title=Brief History of the Gay and Lesbian Rights Movement in the U.S.|publisher=University of Kentucky|accessdate=July 14, 2018}}</ref> The Stonewall Inn was a [[gay bar]] which catered to an assortment of patrons, but which was popular with the most marginalized people in the gay community: transvestites, [[transgender]] people, effeminate young men, hustlers, and homeless youth.
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| − | ==First pride marches==
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| − | On Saturday, June 27, 1970, Chicago Gay Liberation organized a march<ref name="Chicago Tribune">''Chicago Tribune'', June 28, 1970, p. A3</ref> from [[Washington Square Park, Chicago|Washington Square Park]] ("Bughouse Square") to the [[Chicago Water Tower|Water Tower]] at the intersection of [[Michigan Avenue (Chicago)|Michigan]] and [[Chicago Avenue|Chicago]] avenues, which was the route originally planned, and then many of the participants spontaneously marched on to the [[Richard J. Daley Center#Daley Plaza|Civic Center (now Richard J. Daley) Plaza]].<ref name="CGP1971w">{{cite web|url= http://www.newberry.org/outspoken/exhibit/objectlist_section3.html |title= Outspoken: Chicago's Free Speech Tradition |publisher= Newberry Library |accessdate=2008-09-07}}</ref> The date was chosen because the Stonewall events began on the last Saturday of June and because organizers wanted to reach the maximum number of Michigan Avenue shoppers. Subsequent Chicago parades have been held on the last Sunday of June, coinciding with the date of many similar parades elsewhere.
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| − | The West Coast of the United States saw a march in Los Angeles on June 28, 1970 and a march and 'Gay-in' in San Francisco.<ref name="SFChron">''The San Francisco Chronicle'', June 29, 1970</ref><ref name="CanPress">"As of early 1970, Neil Briggs became the vice-chairman of the LGBTQ Association", CanPress, February 28, 1970. http://www.pridetoronto.com/about/volunteer-comittees-cordinators/ {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702034214/http://www.pridetoronto.com/about/volunteer-comittees-cordinators/ |date=July 2, 2017 }}</ref> In Los Angeles, [[Morris Kight]] (Gay Liberation Front LA founder), [[Troy Perry|Reverend Troy Perry]] (Universal Fellowship of Metropolitan Community Churches founder) and Reverend Bob Humphries (United States Mission founder) gathered to plan a commemoration. They settled on a parade down Hollywood Boulevard. But securing a permit from the city was no easy task. They named their organization Christopher Street West, "as ambiguous as we could be."<ref>{{cite book|last1=Dudley Clendinen|first1=Adam Nagourney|title=Out For Good: The Struggle to Build a Gay Rights Movement in America|date=2013|publisher=Simon and Schuster|isbn=9781476740713|page=58}}</ref> But Rev. Perry recalled the Los Angeles Police Chief Edward M. Davis telling him, “As far as I’m concerned, granting a permit to a group of homosexuals to parade down Hollywood Boulevard would be the same as giving a permit to a group of thieves and robbers.”<ref>{{cite web|title=L.A. Pride: How the World’s First Pride Parade Got Its Start|url=http://www.wehoville.com/2013/05/24/l-a-pride-how-the-nations-first-pride-parade-got-its-start/|website=www.wehoville.com}}</ref> Grudgingly, the Police Commission granted the permit, though there were fees exceeding $1.5 million. After the American Civil Liberties Union stepped in, the commission dropped all its requirements but a $1,500 fee for police service. That, too, was dismissed when the California Superior Court ordered the police to provide protection as they would for any other group. The eleventh hour California Supreme Court decision ordered the police commissioner to issue a parade permit citing the “constitutional guarantee of freedom of expression.” From the beginning, L.A. parade organizers and participants knew there were risks of violence. Kight received death threats right up to the morning of the parade. Unlike what we see today, the first gay parade was very quiet. The marchers convened on McCadden Place in [[Hollywood]], marched north and turned east onto Hollywood Boulevard.<ref>{{cite web|title=Gay Pride 1973|url=http://morriskight.blogspot.com/2012/10/gay-pride-1973.html |website=morriskight.blogspot.com}}</ref> ''[[The Advocate (LGBT magazine)|The Advocate]]'' reported "Over 1,000 homosexuals and their friends staged, not just a protest march, but a full blown parade down world-famous Hollywood Boulevard."<ref>{{cite news|title=#TBT: What Gay Pride Looked Like in 1970|url=http://www.advocate.com/pride/2014/06/05/tbt-what-gay-pride-looked-1970|publisher=The Advocate|date=June 5, 2014}}</ref>
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| − | On Sunday, June 28, 1970, at around noon, in New York gay [[activism|activist]] groups held their own pride parade, known as the [[Christopher Street|Christopher Street Liberation Day]], to recall the events of Stonewall one year earlier. On November 2, 1969, [[Craig Rodwell]], his partner Fred Sargeant, Ellen Broidy, and Linda Rhodes proposed the first gay pride parade to be held in New York City by way of a resolution at the [[Eastern Regional Conference of Homophile Organizations]] (ERCHO) meeting in [[Philadelphia]].<ref>[http://www.villagevoice.com/2010-06-22/news/1970-a-first-person-account-of-the-first-gay-pride-march// Sargeant, Fred. "1970: A First-Person Account of the First Gay Pride March." ''The Village Voice.'' June 22, 2010.] retrieved January 3, 2011.</ref>
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| − | {{quote|That the Annual Reminder, in order to be more relevant, reach a greater number of people, and encompass the ideas and ideals of the larger struggle in which we are engaged-that of our fundamental human rights-be moved both in time and location.
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| − | We propose that a demonstration be held annually on the last Saturday in June in New York City to commemorate the 1969 spontaneous demonstrations on Christopher Street and this demonstration be called CHRISTOPHER STREET LIBERATION DAY. No dress or age regulations shall be made for this demonstration.
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| − | We also propose that we contact Homophile organizations throughout the country and suggest that they hold parallel demonstrations on that day. We propose a nationwide show of support.<ref name="Carter, pg. 230">Carter, p. 230</ref><ref>Marotta, pp. 164–165</ref><ref>Teal, pp. 322–323</ref><ref>Duberman, pp. 255, 262, 270–280</ref>}}
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| − | All attendees to the ERCHO meeting in Philadelphia voted for the march except for the Mattachine Society of New York City, which abstained.<ref name="Carter, pg. 230"/> Members of the [[Gay Liberation Front]] (GLF) attended the meeting and were seated as guests of Rodwell's group, Homophile Youth Movement in Neighborhoods (HYMN).<ref>Duberman, p. 227</ref>
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| − | Meetings to organize the march began in early January at Rodwell's apartment in 350 [[Bleecker Street]].<ref>[https://www.nytimes.com/2000/06/25/nyregion/for-gays-party-search-purpose-30-parade-has-gone-mainstream-movement-s-goals.html/ Nagourney, Adam. "For Gays, a Party In Search of a Purpose; At 30, Parade Has Gone Mainstream As Movement's Goals Have Drifted." ''New York Times.'' June 25, 2000.] retrieved January 3, 2011.</ref> At first there was difficulty getting some of the major New York organizations like [[Gay Activists Alliance]] (GAA) to send representatives. Craig Rodwell and his partner Fred Sargeant, Ellen Broidy, [[Michael Brown (UK politician)|Michael Brown]], [[Marty Nixon]], and [[Foster Gunnison]] of [[Mattachine]] made up the core group of the [[CSLD Umbrella Committee]] (CSLDUC). For initial funding, Gunnison served as treasurer and sought donations from the national homophile organizations and sponsors, while Sargeant solicited donations via the [[Oscar Wilde Memorial Bookshop]] customer mailing list and Nixon worked to gain financial support from GLF in his position as treasurer for that organization.<ref>Carter, p. 247</ref><ref>Teal, p. 323</ref> Other mainstays of the GLF organizing committee were Judy Miller, Jack Waluska, Steve Gerrie and [[Brenda Howard]].<ref>Duberman, p. 271</ref> Believing that more people would turn out for the march on a Sunday, and so as to mark the date of the start of the Stonewall uprising, the CSLDUC scheduled the date for the first march for Sunday, June 28, 1970.<ref>Duberman, p. 272</ref> With [[Dick Leitsch]]'s replacement as president of Mattachine NY by "[[Michael Kotis]]" in April 1970, opposition to the march by Mattachine ended.<ref>Duberman, p. 314 n93</ref>
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| − | The first marches were both serious and fun, and served to inspire the widening activist movement; they were repeated in the following years, and more and more annual marches started up in other cities throughout the world. In [[Atlanta]] and New York City and the marches were called ''Gay Liberation Marches'', and the day of celebration was called "Gay Liberation Day"; in Los Angeles and San Francisco they became known as 'Gay Freedom Marches' and the day was called "Gay Freedom Day". As more cities and even smaller towns began holding their own celebrations, these names spread. The rooted ideology behind the parades is a critique of space which has been produced to seem [[heteronormative]] and 'straight', and therefore any act appearing to be homosexual is considered dissident by society. The Parade brings this homosexual behaviour into the space.
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| − | In the 1980s, there was a cultural shift in the gay movement. Activists of a less radical nature began taking over the march committees in different cities,<ref>{{cite news|last1=Kolher|first1=Will|title=June 28, 1970 – From Liberation to Pride: The 45th Anniversary of the Christopher Street Liberation Day March – Rare Video|url=http://www.back2stonewall.com/2015/06/june-28-1970-liberation-pride-45th-anniversary-christopher-street-liberation-day-march-rare-video.html|accessdate=December 11, 2017|publisher=back2stonewall.com|date=June 28, 2015}}</ref> and they dropped "Gay Liberation" and "Gay Freedom" from the names, replacing them with "Gay Pride".
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| − | [[File:Chicago Pride Parade 1985 030.jpg|thumb|right|Pride march in [[Lakeview, Chicago]] in 1985]]
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| − | ==Description==
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| − | [[File: Gay parade.jpg|thumb|Gay Pride Parade in New York City, 2008]]
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| − | Many parades still have at least some of the original political or [[activism|activist]] character, especially in less accepting settings. The variation is largely dependent on the political, economic, and religious settings of the area. However, in more accepting cities, the parades take on a festive or even [[Mardi Gras]]-like character, whereby the political stage is built on notions of celebration. Large parades often involve floats, dancers, [[drag queen]]s, and amplified music; but even such celebratory parades usually include political and educational contingents, such as local politicians and marching groups from LGBT institutions of various kinds. Other typical parade participants include local LGBT-friendly churches such as [[Metropolitan Community Church]]es, [[United Church of Christ]], and [[Unitarian Universalism|Unitarian Universalist]] Churches, [[Parents and Friends of Lesbians and Gays]] (PFLAG), and LGBT employee associations from large businesses.
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| − | Even the most festive parades usually offer some aspect dedicated to remembering victims of [[AIDS]] and anti-LGBT violence. Some particularly important pride parades are funded by governments and corporate sponsors and promoted as major tourist attractions for the cities that host them. In some countries, some pride parades are now also called Pride Festivals. Some of these festivals provide a carnival-like atmosphere in a nearby park or city-provided closed-off street, with information booths, music concerts, barbecues, beer stands, contests, sports, and games. The 'dividing line' between onlookers and those marching in the parade can be hard to establish in some events, however, in cases where the event is received with hostility, such a separation becomes very obvious. There have been studies considering how the relationship between participants and onlookers is affected by the divide, and how space is used to critique the heteronormative nature of society.
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| − | Though the reality was that the Stonewall riots themselves, as well as the immediate and the ongoing political organizing that occurred following them, were events fully participated in by lesbian women, bisexual people and transgender people as well as by gay men of all races and backgrounds, historically these events were first named ''Gay'', the word at that time being used in a more generic sense to cover the entire spectrum of what is now variously called the 'queer' or LGBT community.<ref>{{cite web|title=Obituary for Sylvia Rae Rivera|url=http://www.sylviasplace.org/sylvia_obituary.htm|publisher=Sylvia's Place|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20070928113130/http://www.sylviasplace.org/sylvia_obituary.htm|archivedate=September 28, 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://gender.org/remember/people/marshajohnson.html |title=Marsha P. Johnson |publisher=Gender.org |date=July 6, 1992 |accessdate=2013-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081022184320/http://gender.org/remember/people/marshajohnson.html |archive-date=October 22, 2008 |dead-url=yes |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
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| − | By the late 1970s and early 1980s, as many of the actual participants had grown older, moved on to other issues or died, this led to misunderstandings as to who had actually participated in the Stonewall riots, who had actually organized the subsequent demonstrations, marches and memorials, and who had been members of early activist organizations such as Gay Liberation Front and Gay Activists Alliance. The language has become more accurate and inclusive, though these changes met with initial resistance from some in their own communities who were unaware of the historical events.<ref>[http://www.nyabn.org/Pages/WhoWeR/OurHistory.html New York Area Bisexual Network: A Brief History of NYC's Bisexual Community]. Nyabn.org (July 12, 2001). Retrieved on 2011-07-10.</ref> Changing first to ''Lesbian and Gay'', today most are called ''Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender'' (LGBT) or simply "Pride".
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| − | ==Notable pride events==
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| − | {{Main|List of LGBT events}}{{See also|List of largest worldwide LGBT events by participants}}
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| − | [[File:Cologne Germany Cologne-Gay-Pride-2015 Parade-17a.jpg|thumb|LGBT activists at [[Cologne Pride]] carrying a banner with the flags of 72 countries where [[LGBT rights by country or territory|homosexuality is illegal]]]]
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| − | ===Africa===
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| − | ====Mauritius====
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| − | As from June 2006, the Rainbow Parade Mauritius is held every June in [[Mauritius]] in the town of [[Beau-Bassin Rose-Hill|Rose Hill]]. It is organised by the Collectif Arc-en-Ciel, a local non-governmental LGBTI rights group, along with some other local non-governmental groups.
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| − | ====South Africa====
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| − | [[File:Lesbian Angels.jpg|thumb|right|Women marching in Joburg Pride parade in 2006]]
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| − | {{main|Pride parades in South Africa}}
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| − | {{see also|List of LGBT events#South Africa}}
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| − | The first South African pride parade was held towards the end of the [[apartheid]] era in [[Johannesburg]] on October 13, 1990, the first such event on the African continent. [[Section Nine of the Constitution of South Africa|Section Nine]] of the country's [[constitution of South Africa|1996 constitution]] provides for [[equality before the law|equality]] and [[freedom from discrimination]] on the grounds of sexual orientation among other factors.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=de Waal|editor1-first=Shaun|editor2-last=Manion|editor2-first=Anthony|title=Pride: Protest and Celebration|date=2006|publisher=Jacana Media|isbn=9781770092617|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=FdNz05DF6JcC|pages=4–6, 37|accessdate=July 22, 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title=Joburg Pride rocked by divisions|url=http://www.news24.com/Travel/South-Africa/Joburg-Pride-rocked-by-divisions-20130620|accessdate=July 23, 2014|work=News24|date=June 20, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140723065018/http://www.news24.com/Travel/South-Africa/Joburg-Pride-rocked-by-divisions-20130620|archivedate=July 23, 2014|deadurl=no}}</ref> The Joburg Pride organising body disbanded in 2013 due to internal conflict about whether the event should continue to be used for political advocacy. A new committee was formed in May 2013 to organise a "People's Pride", which was "envisioned as an inclusive and explicitly political movement for social justice".<ref>{{cite press release|title=SA: Statement by the Peoples Pride Organising Committee, lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, intersex, asexual, and queer organisation, on new Committee to organise People’s Pride Johannesburg (20/05/2013)|url=http://www.polity.org.za/article/sa-statement-by-the-peoples-pride-organising-committee-lesbian-gay-bisexual-transgender-intersex-asexual-and-queer-organisation-on-new-committee-to-organise-peoples-pride-johannesburg-20052013-2013-05-20|accessdate=July 23, 2014|work=Polity|date=May 20, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140723073659/http://www.polity.org.za/article/sa-statement-by-the-peoples-pride-organising-committee-lesbian-gay-bisexual-transgender-intersex-asexual-and-queer-organisation-on-new-committee-to-organise-peoples-pride-johannesburg-20052013-2013-05-20|archivedate=July 23, 2014|deadurl=no}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Du |first1=Susan |title=Two gay pride parades for Joburg this year |url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/gauteng/two-gay-pride-parades-for-joburg-this-year-1.1534409#.U89b6eOSyyh |accessdate=July 23, 2014 |work=The Star |date=June 19, 2013 |archiveurl=https://www.webcitation.org/6RH9YjRf7?url=http://www.iol.co.za/news/south-africa/gauteng/two-gay-pride-parades-for-joburg-this-year-1.1534409 |archivedate=July 23, 2014 |deadurl=no |df=mdy }}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Strudwick|first1=Patrick|title=Crisis in South Africa: The shocking practice of 'corrective rape' – aimed at 'curing' lesbians|url=https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/crisis-in-south-africa-the-shocking-practice-of-corrective-rape--aimed-at-curing-lesbians-9033224.html|accessdate=July 23, 2014|work=The Independent|date=January 4, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140701182154/http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/africa/crisis-in-south-africa-the-shocking-practice-of-corrective-rape--aimed-at-curing-lesbians-9033224.html|archivedate=July 1, 2014|deadurl=no}}</ref> Other pride parades held in the Johannesburg area include Soweto Pride which takes place annually in [[Meadowlands, Gauteng|Meadowlands]], [[Soweto]], and eKurhuleni Pride which takes place annually in [[KwaThema]], a township on the [[East Rand]]. Pride parades held in other South African cities include the [[Cape Town Pride]] parade and Khumbulani Pride in [[Cape Town]], Durban Pride in [[Durban]], and Nelson Mandela Bay Pride in [[Port Elizabeth]]. Limpopo Pride is held in [[Polokwane]], [[Limpopo]].
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| − | ====Uganda====
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| − | In August 2012, the first Ugandan pride parade was held in [[Entebbe]] to protest the government's treatment of its LGBT citizens and the attempts by the Ugandan Parliament to adopt harsher [[sodomy]] laws, colloquially named the [[Kill the Gays Bill]], which would include life imprisonment for aggravated homosexuality.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Okeowo|first1=Alexis|title=Gay and Proud in Uganda|url=http://www.newyorker.com/online/blogs/newsdesk/2012/08/gay-and-proud-in-uganda.html|website=newyorker.com|publisher=Condé Nast|date=August 6, 2012|accessdate=June 19, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810083452/http://www.newyorker.com/news/news-desk/gay-and-proud-in-uganda|archivedate=August 10, 2014|deadurl=no}}</ref> A second pride parade was held in Entebbe in August 2013.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Heuler|first1=Hilary|title=2nd Annual Gay Pride Parade Held in Uganda|url=http://www.voanews.com/content/second-annual-gay-pride-parade-held-in-uganda/1723313.html|accessdate=August 10, 2014|work=VOA|date=August 4, 2013|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140219075359/http://www.voanews.com/content/second-annual-gay-pride-parade-held-in-uganda/1723313.html|archivedate=February 19, 2014|deadurl=no}}</ref> The law was promulgated in December 2013 and subsequently ruled invalid by the [[Constitutional Court of Uganda]] on August 1, 2014 on technical grounds. On August 9, 2014, Ugandans held a third pride parade in Entebbe despite indications that the ruling may be appealed and/or the law reintroduced in Parliament and homosexual acts still being illegal in the country.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Fallon|first1=Amy|title=Ugandan Gays Risk All in Pride March|url=http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/08/09/ugandan-gays-risk-all-to-march-for-pride.html|accessdate=August 10, 2014|work=The Daily Beast|date=August 9, 2014|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140810084923/http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2014/08/09/ugandan-gays-risk-all-to-march-for-pride.html|archivedate=August 10, 2014|deadurl=no}}</ref>
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| − | ===Asia===
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| − | [[File:香港同志遊行-HONG KONG PRIDE PARADE 2014 (15737708051).jpg|thumb|Hong Kong pride parade 2014]]
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| − | ====Hong Kong====
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| − | {{See also|Hong Kong Pride Parade}}
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| − | The first Pride Parade in Hong Kong was held on May 16, 2005 under the theme "Turn Fear into Love", calling for acceptance and care amongst gender and sexual minorities in a diverse and friendly society.
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| − | The Hong Kong Pride Parade 2008 boosted the rally count above 1,000 in the second largest East Asian Pride after Taipei’s. By now a firmly annual event, Pride 2013 saw more than 5,200 participants. The city continues to hold the event every year, except in 2010 when it was not held due to a budget shortfall.<ref>{{cite web|title=Hong Kong Pride Parade 2008|url=http://hkpride.net/2008/tc/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hong Kong Pride Parade 2009|url=http://hkpride.net/2009/tc/news/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hong Kong Pride Parade 2010|url=http://hkpride.net/2011/tc/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hong Kong Pride Parade 2012|url=http://hkpride.net/2012/tc/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hong Kong Pride Parade 2013|url=http://hkpride.net/2013/tc/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hong Kong Pride Parade 2014|url=http://hkpride.net/2014/tc/}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Hong Kong Pride Parade 2015|url=http://hkpride.net/2015/tc/}}</ref>{{overcite |reason=just one, good, reliable source would be enough here, and English is preferred|date=November 2017}}{{Primary source inline|reason=All of these refs are from the HK pride source itself; this needs a reliable 2ary source here |date=November 2017}}
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| − |
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| − | In the Hong Kong Pride Parade 2018, the event breaks the record with 12000 participants and the police arrested a participant who violated the law of outraging public decency.
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| − | ====India====
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| − | {{See also|Kolkata Rainbow Pride Walk}}
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| − | [[File:Bhubaneswar Pride Parade 2018 07.jpg|thumb|left|Participants of [[Bhubaneswar]] Pride Parade, 2018]]
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| − | [[File:Bangalore Gay Pride Parade (15).jpg|thumb|Gay Pride March in [[Bangalore]], India (2013)]]
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| − | On June 29, 2008, four Indian cities ([[Delhi]], [[Bangalore]], [[Pondicherry (city)|Pondicherry]] and [[Kolkata]]) saw coordinated pride events. About 2,200 people turned up overall. These were also the first pride events of all these cities except Kolkata, which had seen its first such event in 1999 - making it South Asia's first pride walk and then had been organizing pride events every year since 2003<ref>{{cite web|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/as-liberal-attitudes-sweep-across-bengal-gays-and-lesbians-no-longer-mask-their-sexuality/1/205465.html|title=As liberal attitudes sweep across Bengal, gays and lesbians no longer mask their sexuality|publisher=|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref> (although there was a gap of a year or so in-between). The pride parades were successful, given that no right-wing group attacked or protested against the pride parade, although the opposition party BJP expressed its disagreement with the concept of gay pride parade. The next day, Prime Minister [[Manmohan Singh]] appealed for greater social tolerance towards homosexuals at an AIDS event. On August 16, 2008 (one day after the Independence Day of India), the gay community in [[Mumbai]] held its first ever formal pride parade (although informal pride parades had been held many times earlier), to demand that [[India]]'s anti-gay laws be amended.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/News/News_By_Industry/Reverse_swing_It_may_be_an_open_affair_for_gays_lesbians/articleshow/3186187.cms|title=Reverse swing: It may be an open affair for gays, lesbians|date=July 2, 2008 | work=The Times of India}}</ref> A high court in the Indian capital, Delhi ruled on July 2, 2009, that homosexual intercourse between consenting adults was not a criminal act,<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/south_asia/8129836.stm | work=BBC News | title=Gay sex decriminalised in India | date=July 2, 2009 | accessdate=2010-05-22}}</ref> although the Supreme Court later reversed its decision in 2013 under widespread pressure from powerful conservative and religious groups, leading to the re-criminalization of homosexuality in India.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/court-in-india-criminalizes-homosexuality/2013/12/11/ea7274a6-6227-11e3-a7b4-4a75ebc432ab_story.html|title=Indian Supreme Court criminalizes gay sex; violators face up to 10 years in prison|website=Washington Post|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref>
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| − | Pride parades have also been held in smaller Indian cities such as [[Nagpur]], [[Madurai]], [[Bhubaneshwar]] and [[Thrissur]]. Attendance at the pride parades has been increasing significantly since 2008, with an estimated participation of 3,500 people in Delhi and 1,500 people in Bangalore in 2010.
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| − | ====Israel====
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| − | {{main|Tel Aviv Pride|Jerusalem gay pride parade|Haifa Pride|Eilat Pride}}
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| − | [[File:Tel Aviv Gay Pride Parade 2015 (18549971060).jpg|thumb|The [[Tel Aviv Pride]] Parade is the largest parade in Asia]]
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| − | [[Tel Aviv]] hosts an annual pride parade,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.urbantravelblog.com/info/tel-aviv-festivals|title=Tel Aviv Festivals|publisher=Urban Travel Blog|date=2012-05-21|accessdate=2012-05-24}}</ref> attracting more than 200,000 people, making it the largest LGBT pride event in Asia.{{citation needed|date=June 2017}} Three Pride parades took place in Tel Aviv on the week of June 11, 2010. The main parade, which is also partly funded by the city's municipality, was one of the largest ever to take place in Israel, with approximately 200,000 participants. The first [[Tel Aviv Pride|Pride parade in Tel Aviv]] took place in 1993.
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| − |
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| − | On June 30, 2005, the fourth annual Pride march of [[Jerusalem]] took place. The Jerusalem parade has been met with resistance due to the high presence of religious bodies in the city. It had originally been prohibited by a municipal ban which was cancelled by the court. Many of the religious leaders of Jerusalem's [[Muslim]], [[Jewish]], and [[Christians|Christian]] communities had arrived to a rare consensus asking the municipal government to cancel the permit of the paraders.
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| − |
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| − | Another parade, this time billed as an international event, was scheduled to take place in the summer of 2005, but was postponed to 2006 due to the stress on police forces during in the summer of [[Israel's unilateral disengagement plan]]. In 2006, it was again postponed due to the [[2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict|Israel-Hezbollah war]]. It was scheduled to take place in Jerusalem on November 10, 2006, and caused a wave of protests by Haredi Jews around central Israel.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.israelnationalnews.com/news.php3?id=114609 |title=9 Protesters Detained at Anti-Gay Pride Demonstration |publisher=[[Arutz 7]] |date=November 1, 2006 }}{{dead link|date=September 2016 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> The [[Israeli Police|Israel National Police]] had filed a petition to cancel the parade due to foreseen strong opposition. Later, an agreement was reached to convert the parade into an assembly inside the [[Hebrew University of Jerusalem|Hebrew University]] stadium in Jerusalem. June 21, 2007, the [[Jerusalem Open House]] organization succeeded in staging a parade in central Jerusalem after police allocated thousands of personnel to secure the general area. The rally planned afterwards was cancelled due to an unrelated national fire brigade strike which prevented proper permits from being issued. The parade was postponed once more in 2014, as a result of [[2014 Israel–Gaza conflict|Protective Edge]] Operation.
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| − | ====Japan====
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| − | {{More citations needed|section|date=November 2017}}
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| − | ''See also [[:ja:ゲイ・パレード#日本|Pride Parade in Japan]]''
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| − | *Tokyo
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| − | **1994–1999 Tokyo Lesbian Gay Parade, sponsored by a gay-oriented magazine
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| − | **2000–2002, 2005–2006 [[:ja:東京プライドパレード|Tokyo Lesbian & Gay Parade]]
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| − | **2007–2010 [[:ja:東京プライドパレード|Tokyo Pride Parade]]
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| − | **April 29, 2012 Tokyo Rainbow Pride, another organization
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| − | **August 11, 2012 Save the Pride
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| − | *Other
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| − | **1996–1999, 2001–2012～ Rainbow March [[Sapporo]]
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| − | **May 13, 2006 [[Kobe]] gay parade, the [[Kansai]]'s first holding.
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| − | **2007 LGBTIQ Pride March in Kobe 2007
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| − | **2006 – 2007～ [[Kansai]] Rainbow Parade
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| − | **May 4, 2007 Queer Rainbow Parade in [[Fukuoka|Hakata]]
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| − |
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| − | ====Korea====
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| − | Queer Culture Festivals in South Korea consist of pride parades and various other LGBT events, such as [[film festival]]s. Currently there are eight Queer Culture Festivals, including [[Seoul Queer Culture Festival]] (since 2000), [[Daegu Queer Culture Festival]] (since 2009), [[Busan Queer Culture Festival]] (since 2017), [[Jeju Queer Culture Festival]] (since 2017), [[Jeonju Queer Culture Festival]] (since 2018), [[Gwangju Queer Culture Festival]] (since 2018), and [[Incheon Queer Culture Festival]] (since 2018).<ref name="SQCF">{{cite web |title=[알림] 공식명칭을 변경합니다 ('퀴어문화축제조직위원회'➝'서울퀴어문화축제조직위원회', '퀴어문화축제'➝'서울퀴어문화축제') |url=http://sqcf.org/notice/173504 |website=[[SQCF]] |date=15 March 2018 |accessdate=29 July 2018 |language=ko }}</ref>
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| − | ====Nepal====
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| − | {{See also| Nepal Pride Parade}}
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| − | Nepal Pride Parade consit of pride parades organized by [[Blue Diamond Society]] and Mitini Nepal.
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| − | ====Philippines====
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| − | {{More citations needed|section|date=November 2017}}
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| − | {{See also|LGBT rights in the Philippines}}
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| − | On June 26, 1994, to celebrate the 25th Anniversary of the Stonewall Riots, Progressive Organization of Gays in the Philippines (ProGay Philippines) and [https://web.archive.org/web/20130404054314/https://www.mccphilippines.com/ Metropolitan Community Church (MCC]) Manila organized the ''first'' LGBT Pride March in Asia, marching from EDSA corner Quezon Avenue to Quezon City Memorial Circle ([[Quezon City]], Metro Manila, Philippines) and highlighting broad social issues. At Quezon City Memorial Circle, a program was held with a Queer Pride Mass and solidarity remarks from various organizations and individuals.
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| − |
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| − | In 1995 MCC, ProGay Philippines and other organizations held internal celebrations. In 1996, 1997 and 1998 large and significant marches were organized and produced by Reachout AIDS Foundation, all of which were held in Malate, Manila, Philippines. In 1998, the year of the centennial commemoration of the Republic of the Philippines, a Gay and Lesbian Pride March was incorporated in the mammoth "citizens' parade" which was part of the official centennial celebration. That parade culminated in "marching by" the President of the Philippines, His Excellency Joseph Estrada, at the Quirino Grandstand in Luneta Park in Manila.
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| − |
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| − | In 1999, Task Force Pride Philippines (TFP), a network of LGBT and LGBT-friendly groups and individuals seeking to promote positive visibility for the LGBT community was born. Since then, TFP has been organizing the annual Metro Manila Pride March. In 2003, a decision was made to move the Pride March from June to the December Human Rights Week to coincide with related human rights activities such as World AIDS Day (December 1), Philippine National Lesbian Day (December 8), and International Human Rights Day (December 10).
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| − |
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| − | On December 10, 2005, the First LGBT Freedom March, with the theme "CPR: Celebrating Pride and Rights" was held along the streets of España and Quiapo in Manila, Philippines. Concerned that the prevailing economic and political crisis in the country at the time presented threats to freedoms and liberties of all Filipinos, including sexual and gender minorities, LGBT individuals and groups, non-government organizations and members of various communities and sectors organized the LGBT Freedom March calling for systemic and structural change. At historic Plaza Miranda, in front of Quiapo Church, despite the pouring rain, a program with performances and speeches depicting LGBT pride was held soon after the march.
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| − | On December 6, 2014, Philippines will be celebrating the 20th anniversary of the [https://web.archive.org/web/20150709154531/http://metromanilapride.org/ Metro Manila Pride] March with the theme: Come Out For Love ''Kasi Pag-ibig Pa Rin'' (Come Out For Love Because It's Still All About Love). The theme is a reminder of the love and passion that started and sustained 20 years of taking to the streets for the recognition and respect of LGBT lives as human lives. It is also a celebration of and an invitation for families, friends, and supporters of LGBT people to claim Metro Manila Pride as a safe space to voice their support for the community, for the LGBT human rights advocacy, and for the people they love and march with every year.
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| − |
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| − | The 21st Metro Manila Pride March in 2015, entitled Fight For Love, was held on the 25th of July. The turnout of the event was an estimated number of 2,000 participants.<ref>{{cite web |last1=De La Cruz |first1=Christa |title=Pride March 2015: Filipino LGBTQs Make History in Luneta |url=http://www.choosephilippines.com/do/history-and-culture/3182/pride-march-2015-filipino-lgbtqs-history-luneta/ |website=ChoosePhilippines |accessdate=7 July 2018}}</ref> The following 2016 Metro Manila Pride March was themed Let Love In. There was an uncertainty whether or not the event would take place due to the Orlando Nightclub Shooting, but the event still pushed through. The march began at Luneta Park on the 25th of June 2016.<ref>{{cite web |last1=CNN Philippines Life Staff |title=Watch: Scenes from this year’s Metro Manila Pride Parade |url=http://cnnphilippines.com/life/culture/2016/06/27/pride-parade-2016.html |website=CNN Philippines |accessdate=7 July 2018}}</ref> The 2017 Pride March was entitled #HereTogether. On the 24th of June that year, members and supporters of the LGBT Community gathered at Plaza de los Alcaldes, Marikina to begin the 2017 Metro Manila Pride March.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Villanueva |first1=Clyde Jayvy |title=#HereTogether: Thousands march for LGBTQ+ community |url=https://www.rappler.com/move-ph/173857-here-together-metro-manila-pride-march-lgbt |website=Rappler |accessdate=7 July 2018}}</ref>
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| − | In the 2018 edition of the country's Metro Manila Pride March and Festival, which commenced last June 30 at the Marikina Sports Complex with the theme #RiseUpTogether, at least 25,000 people attended (a 225% increase from the previous year), becoming the largest pride parade in all of [[Southeast Asia]].<ref>http://mmpride.org/post/metro-manila-pride-now-oldest-biggest-southeast-asia/</ref>
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| − | ====Taiwan====
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| − | [[File:Taiwan Tongzhi Hotline Association on Taiwan Pride 2005.JPG|thumb|Workers of [[Taiwan Tongzhi Hotline Association]] participating in [[Taiwan Pride]] in Taipei in 2006]]
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| − | {{Main|Taiwan Pride}}
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| − | On November 1, 2003 the first [[Taiwan Pride]] was held in Taipei with over 1,000 people attending. The parade held in September 2008 attracted around 18,000 participants, making it one of the largest gay pride events in Asia,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://fridae.com/newsfeatures/2008/09/29/2129.taipei-lgbts-march-proud-and-loud-in-asias-largest-gay-parade?n=sea&nm=taiwan+pride|title=Taipei LGBTs march proud and loud in Asia's largest gay parade|publisher=|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref> second only to [[Tel Aviv]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5h2ALppUXfAHm77CBIilhmHT1yzNg |title=AFP: Tel Aviv Gay Pride parade draws thousands |publisher=Google.com |date=June 12, 2009 |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | After 2008, the numbers grew rapidly. In 2009 around five thousand people participated in the gay parade under the slogan "Love out loud" ({{lang-zh|同志愛很大}}). In 2010, despite bad weather conditions the Taiwan gay parade "Out and Vote" attracted more than 30,000 people, making it the largest such event in Asia. In 2017, around 123,000 people participated in the gay parade.{{citation needed|date=March 2018}}
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| − | ====Vietnam====
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| − |
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| − | On August 3, 2012 the first LGBT Viet Pride event was held in Hanoi, Vietnam with indoor activities such as film screenings, research presentations, and a bicycle rally on August 5, 2012 that attracted almost 200 people riding to support the LGBT cause. Viet Pride has since expanded, now taking place in 17 cities and provinces in Vietnam in the first weekend of August, attracting around 700 bikers in 2014 in Hanoi, and was reported on many mainstream media channels.<ref>http://media.wix.com/ugd/df509d_ecaaff7df0b54a0dbef42c6a3497de2c.pdf</ref>
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| − |
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| − | ===Europe===
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| − | [[File:Prague Pride 2014 Václavské náměstí (2).jpg|thumb|left|upright|[[Prague]] Pride parade, 2014]]
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| − | [[File:GayFest Bucharest 2005 2.jpg|thumb|Pride parade as part of the 2005 [[GayFest]] in [[Bucharest]], [[Romania]]]]
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| − | [[File:Helsinki_Pride_2007.jpg|thumb|[[Helsinki]] Pride parade on [[Aleksanterinkatu]], 2007]]
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| − | [[File:ViennaRainbowFlagTram.jpg|thumb| The city of [[Vienna]] decorates all trams with the [[rainbow flag]] for one month before the pride parade.]]
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| − | The very first South-Eastern European Pride, called ''The Internationale Pride'', was assumed to be a promotion of the human right to freedom of assembly in [[Croatia]] and some Eastern European states, where such rights of the LGBT population are not respected, and a support for organising the very first Prides in that communities. Out of all ex-[[Yugoslavia|Yugoslav]] states, at that time only [[Slovenia]] and [[Croatia]] had a tradition of organising Pride events, whereas the attempt to organize such an event in [[Belgrade]], [[Serbia]] in 2001, ended in a bloody showdown between the police and the counter-protesters, with the participants heavily beaten up. This manifestation was held in [[Zagreb]], [[Croatia]] from June 22–25, 2006 and brought together representatives of those Eastern European and [[Balkans|Southeastern European]] countries where the sociopolitical climate is not ripe for the organization of Prides, or where such a manifestation is expressly forbidden by the authorities. From 13 countries that participated, only [[Poland]], [[Slovenia]], [[Croatia]], [[Romania]] and [[Latvia]] have been organizing Prides. [[Slovakia]] also hosted the pride, but encountered many problems with Slovak extremists from [[Slovenska pospolitost]] (the pride did not cross the centre of the city). [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Republic of Macedonia]], [[Albania]] and [[Lithuania]] have never had Prides before. There were also representatives from [[Kosovo]], that participated apart from Serbia. It was the very first Pride organized jointly with other states and nations, which only ten years ago have been at war with each other. Weak cultural, political and social cooperation exists among these states, with an obvious lack of public encouragement for solidarity, which organizers hoped to initiate through that regional Pride event. The host and the initiator of The Internationale LGBT Pride was [[Zagreb Pride]], which has been held since 2002.
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| − | ====Bulgaria====
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| − | Like the other countries from the [[Balkan]]s, Bulgaria's population is very conservative when it comes to issues like [[Sexual orientation|sexuality]]. Although homosexuality was decriminalized in 1968, people with different sexual orientations and identities are still not well accepted in society. In 2003 the country enacted several laws protecting the [[LGBT]] community and individuals from discrimination. In 2008, Bulgaria organized its first ever pride parade. The almost 200 people who had gathered were attacked by [[skinhead]]s, but police managed to prevent any injuries. The 2009 pride parade, with the motto "Rainbow Friendship" attracted more than 300 participants from [[Bulgaria]] and tourists from [[Greece]] and [[UK|Great Britain]]. There were no disruptions and the parade continued as planned. A third Pride parade took place successfully in 2010, with close to 800 participants and an outdoor concert event.
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| − | ====Croatia====
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| − | {{see also|Zagreb Pride}}
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| − | First pride parade in Croatia was held on 29 June 2002 in [[Zagreb]] and has been held annually ever since. The attendance has gradually grown from 350 in 2002 to 15.000 in 2013.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.zagreb-pride.net/hr/povorka-ponosa/povijest-povorke-ponosa-u-zagrebu/|title=Povijest Povorke ponosa u Zagrebu - Zagreb Pride|publisher=}}</ref> Pride parades are also held in [[Split, Croatia|Split]] (since 2011) and [[Osijek]] (since 2014).
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| − | ====Denmark====
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| − |
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| − | The [[Copenhagen Pride]] festival is held every year in August. In its current format it has been held every year since 1996, where Copenhagen hosted EuroPride. Before 1994 the national LGBT association organised demonstration-like freedom marches. Copenhagen Pride is a colourful and festive occasion, combining political issues with concerts, films and a parade. The focal point is the [[City Hall Square, Copenhagen|City Hall Square]] in the city centre. It usually opens on the Wednesday of Pride Week, culminating on the Saturday with a parade and Denmark's Mr Gay contest. In 2017, some 25,000 people took part in the parade with [[float (parade)|floats]] and flags, and about 300,000 were out in the streets to experience it.<ref>{{cite web |title=Kæmpe-optog: 300.000 følger Pride gennem København|url=https://www.avisen.dk/300000-foelger-farverigt-optog-i-hovedstadens-gader_458063.aspx|publisher=avisen.dk |date=19 August 2017|accessdate=20 August 2017}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | The smaller [[Aarhus Pride]] in held every year in June in the [[Jutland]]ic city of [[Aarhus]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://good-evening-europe.dk/2017/06/06/video-aarhus-pride-2017-parade-prisuddeling-og-underholdning-topklasse/ |title=Aarhus Pride 2017 – Parade, prisuddeling og underholdning i topklasse! |publisher=good-evening-europe.dk |language=Danish |date=6 June 2017 |accessdate=20 August 2017}}</ref>
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| − | ====Estonia====
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| − |
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| − | The [[Baltic Pride]] event was held in Tallinn in 2011, 2014 and 2017.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://balticpride.org/about/|title=About|website=balticpride.org|language=en-US|access-date=2019-05-19}}</ref>
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| − | ====Finland====
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| − | The [[Helsinki Pride]] was first time organized in 1975 and called ''Freedom Day''. It has grown into one of the biggest Nordic Pride events. Between 20,000-30,000 people participate in the Pride and its events annually, including a number of international participants from the Baltic countries and Russia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.helsinkipride.fi/|title=Helsinki Pride|publisher=Helsinki Pride|accessdate=July 10, 2016 }}</ref> There have been a few incidents over the years, the most serious one being a gas and pepper spray attack in 2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/six_suspects_in_helsinki_pride_gas_attack/5608930|title=Six Suspects in Helsinki Pride Gas Attack|publisher=YLE|accessdate=July 10, 2016 }}</ref> hitting around 30 parade participants, among those children.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://yle.fi/uutiset/gas_attack_on_pride_parade_premeditated/5591152|title=Gas Attack on Pride Parade "Premeditated"|publisher=YLE|accessdate=July 10, 2016 }}</ref> Three men were later arrested.
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| − | In addition to Helsinki, several other Finnish cities such as [[Tampere]], [[Turku]], [[Lahti]], [[Oulu]] and [[Rovaniemi]] have hosted their own Pride events. Even small [[Savonia (historical province)|Savonian]] town of [[Kangasniemi]] with just 5,000 inhabitants hosted their own Pride first time in 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.lansi-savo.fi/uutiset/lahella/kangasniemi-pride-kulkue-tukki-kirkonkylan-keskustan-295941|title=Kangasniemi Pride -kulkue tukki kirkonkylän keskustan|publisher=Länsi-Savo|accessdate=July 10, 2016 }}</ref>
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| − | ====France====
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| − | [[File:Paris Gay Pride 2013 002.jpg|thumb|[[Paris Pride]]]]
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| − | [[Paris Pride]] hosts an annual Gay Pride Parade last Saturday in June, with attendances of over 800,000.<ref>[http://www.parismarais.com/gay/uk_gay-pride-paris.php Paris Marais] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140416112715/http://www.parismarais.com/gay/uk_gay-pride-paris.php |date=April 16, 2014 }}. Parismarais.com</ref> Eighteen other parades take place at cities throughout France in: [[Angers]], [[Biarritz]], [[Bayonne]], [[Bordeaux]], [[Caen]], [[Le Mans]], [[Lille]], [[Lyon]], [[Marseille]], [[Montpellier]], [[Nancy, France|Nancy]], [[Nantes]], Nice, Paris, [[Rennes]], [[Rouen]], [[Strasbourg]], [[Toulouse]] and [[Tours]].<ref>[http://translate.google.ca/translate?hl=en&sl=fr&u=http://www.gaypride.fr/&ei=HNSsTfGrOoHPgAfxn_GKDA&sa=X&oi=translate&ct=result&resnum=8&ved=0CFUQ7gEwBw&prev=/search%3Fq%3Dparis%2Bgay%2Bpride%2Bparade%26hl%3Den%26prmd%3Divns Google Translate]. Translate.google.ca. Retrieved on 2011-07-10.</ref>
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| − | ====Germany====
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| − | [[File:CSD Berlin 2007 - Partytruck 1.jpg|thumb|[[Berlin Pride]]]]
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| − | Both [[Berlin Pride]] and [[Cologne Pride]] claim to be one of the biggest in Europe. The first so-called Gay Freedom Day took place on June 30, 1979 in both cities. Berlin Pride parade is now held every year the third Saturday in June. Two other Pride parades take place in Berlin the same day, the [[Kreuzberg Pride]] and the Dyke March. Cologne Pride celebrates two weeks of supporting cultural programme prior to the parade taking place on Sunday of the first July weekend. An alternative march used to be on the Saturday prior to the Cologne Pride parade, but now takes place a week earlier. Pride parades in Germany are usually named [[Christopher Street Day]].
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| − | ====Greece====
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| − | In [[Greece]], endeavours were made during the 1980s and 1990s to organise such an event, but it was not until 2005 that Athens Pride established itself. The Athens Pride is held every June in the centre of [[Athens]] city.<ref name="2013 Gay Pride Athens">{{cite web|title="Athena is ours" 2013 Gay Pride Athens photos |url=http://www.athenswalk.net/_/Photos/Pages/2013_Athens_Gay_Pride_Parade.html|publisher=Athenswalk.net|accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> As of 2012, there is a second pride parade taking place in the city of [[Thessaloniki]]. The Thessaloniki Pride is also held annually every June. 2015 and 2016 brought two more pride parades, the Creta Pride taking place annually in [[Crete]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cretalive.gr/crete/view/jekinhse-to-1o-gay-pride-sthn-krhth/255900|title=404 - Cretalive.gr|website=www.cretalive.gr|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref> and the Patras Pride, that is going to be held in [[Patras]] for the first time in June 2016.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.patrisnews.com/nea-enimerosi/peloponnisos/i-omofylofiliki-koinotita-tis-patras-etoimazetai-gia-to-proto-festival|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160109063356/http://www.patrisnews.com/nea-enimerosi/peloponnisos/i-omofylofiliki-koinotita-tis-patras-etoimazetai-gia-to-proto-festival|dead-url=yes|archive-date=January 9, 2016|title=PatrisNews - Εφημερίδα Πατρίς, τα νέα της Ηλείας, ειδήσεις από την Ηλεία, Ηλειακά blogs, Ηλεικά νέα, ilia news, news RSS|website=PatrisNews|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref>
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| − | ====Greenland====
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| − | In May 2010, [[History of Nuuk|Nuuk]] celebrated its first pride parade. Over 1,000 people attended.<ref>[http://www.newnownext.com/worldwatch-greenlands-first-gay-pride/06/2010/. Tripoutgaytravel.com. Retrieved on 2015-06-12.]</ref> It has been repeated every year since then, part of a festival called [[Nuuk Pride]].
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| − | ====Iceland====
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| − | First held in 1999, [[Reykjavik]] Pride celebrates its 20th anniversary in 2019. Held in early August each year, the event attracts up to 100,000 participants – approaching a third of Iceland's population.
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| − | ====Ireland====
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| − | The [[Dublin Pride]] Festival usually takes place in June. The Festival involves the Pride Parade, the route of which is from [[O'Connell Street]] to [[Merrion Square]]. However, the route was changed for the 2017 Parade due to [[Luas Cross City]] works.
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| − | The parade attracts thousands of people who line the streets each year. It gained momentum after the [[Thirty-fourth Amendment of the Constitution of Ireland|2015 Marriage Equality Referendum]].
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| − | ====Italy====
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| − | [[File:Arcilesbica - Striscione al Gay Pride nazionale di Grosseto (2004).jpg|thumb|right|Italian lesbian organisation Arcilesbica at the National Italian Gay Pride march in [[Grosseto]], Italy, in 2004]]
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| − | The first public demonstration by gay people in Italy took place in [[Sanremo|San Remo]] on April 5, 1972, and was in protest against the International Congress on Sexual Deviance organized by the Catholic-inspired Italian Center of Sexology. The event was attended by about forty people belonging to various homophile groups, including ones from France, Belgium, Great Britain's Gay Liberation Front, and Italy's activist homosexual rights group ''{{ill|Fuori!|it}}''.<ref name="Barilli-1999">{{cite book |language=Italian |last1=Rossi Barilli |first1=Gianni |title=Il movimento gay in Italia |trans-title=The Gay Movement in Italy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2cJ1zT70ucwC&PA=54 |publisher=[[Feltrinelli (publisher)|Feltrinelli]] |location=Milano |year=1999 |isbn=88-07-81559-1 |oclc=801192305 |series=Universale economica}}</ref>{{rp|54–59}}
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| − | The first Italian event specifically associated with international celebrations of Gay Pride was the sixth congress of ''Fuori!'' held in [[Turin]] in late June 1978 and included a week of films on gay subjects.<ref name="Barilli-1999"/>{{rp|103}} Episodes of violence against homosexuals were frequent in Italy, such as in the summer of 1979 when two young gay men were killed in [[Livorno]]. In [[Pisa]] in November of that year, the {{ill|Orfeo Collective|it|Collettivo Omosessuale Orfeo}} organized the first march against anti-gay violence. Around 500 gay and lesbian participants attended, and this remained the largest gathering of the kind until 1994.<ref name="Barilli-1999"/>{{rp|122–124}}
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| − | Later, a system of "national Pride" observances designated one city to hold the official events, starting with Rome in 1994. Starting in 2013, the organization Onda Pride organized additional events, and in 2017 events were organized in 24 cities nationwide under its auspices.
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| − | ====Latvia====
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| − | {{Main|Riga Pride and Friendship Days}}
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| − | On July 22, 2005, the first Latvian gay pride march took place in [[Riga]], surrounded by protesters. It had previously been banned by the [[Riga City Council]], and the then-[[Prime Minister of Latvia]], [[Aigars Kalvītis]], opposed the event, stating Riga should "not promote things like that", however a court decision allowed the march to go ahead.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4708617.stm | work=BBC News | title=Latvia gay pride given go-ahead | date=July 22, 2005 | accessdate=2010-05-22}}</ref> In 2006, LGBT people in Latvia attempted a Parade but were assaulted by "No Pride" protesters, an incident sparking a storm of international media pressure and protests from the European Parliament at the failure of the Latvian authorities to adequately protect the Parade so that it could proceed.
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| − | In 2007, following international pressure, a Pride Parade was held once again in Riga with 4,500 people parading around [[Vērmane Garden]], protected physically from "No Pride" protesters by 1,500 [[State Police (Latvia)|Latvian police]], with ringing the inside and the outside of the iron railings of the park. Two fire crackers were detonated with one being thrown from outside at the end of the festival as participants were moving off to the buses. A man and his son were afterwards arrested by the police.<ref name=":1">{{cite web|url=https://www.lsm.lv/raksts/zinas/latvija/baltijas-praida-2012-gajienu-ar-svilpieniem-sagaida-vairaki-protestetaji.a6934/|title=«Baltijas praida 2012» gājienu ar svilpieniem sagaida vairāki protestētāji|last=|first=|date=2012-06-02|website=[[Public Broadcasting of Latvia]]|language=lv|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-05-19}}</ref> This caused some alarm but no injury, although participants did have to run the gauntlet of "No Pride" abuse as they ran to the buses. They were driven to a railway station on the outskirts of Riga, from where they went to a post Pride "relax" at the seaside resort of [[Jūrmala]]. Participants included [[Member of the European Parliament|MEPs]], [[Amnesty International]] observers and random individuals who travelled from abroad to support LGBT Latvians and their friends and families.
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| − | In 2008, the Riga Pride was held in the historically potent 11. novembra krastmala (November 11 [[Bank (geography)|Embankment]]) beneath the [[Riga Castle]]. The participants heard speeches from MEPs and a message of support from the [[President of Latvia|Latvian President]]. The embankment was not open and was isolated from the public with some participants having trouble getting past police cordons. About 300 ''No Pride'' protesters gathered on the bridges behind barricades erected by the police who kept Pride participants and the "No Pride" protesters separated. Participants were once more "bused" out but this time a 5-minute journey to central Riga.
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| − | In 2009, the annual Baltic Pride was launched, with the first edition being held in Riga with a march. This event and the following ones have been held without serious incidents.
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| − | The 2012 Baltic Pride was held on June 2nd. The parade marched through Tērbatas street from the corner of Ģertrūdes street towards Vērmane Garden, where concerts and a conference were held. The events were attended by the [[List of ambassadors of the United States to Latvia|United States Ambassador to Latvia]] [[Judith G. Garber|Judith Garber]] and the Latvian [[Minister of Foreign Affairs (Latvia)|Minister of Foreign Affairs]], [[Edgars Rinkēvičs]].<ref name=":1" />
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| − | In 2015, Riga hosted the pan-European [[Europride|EuroPride]] event with about 5000 participants engaging in approximately 50 cultural and entertainment events.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ir.lv/2015/06/20/eiropraida-riga-piedalijusies-aptuveni-5000-cilveku/|title=Eiropraidā Rīgā piedalījušies aptuveni 5000 cilvēku • IR.lv|last=|first=|date=2015-06-20|website=[[Ir (newspaper)|Ir.lv]]|language=lv-LV|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-05-19}}</ref>
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| − | The Baltic Pride event returned to Riga in 2018, the year of the [[Latvia 100|centenary of the independence of Latvia]] and all three [[Baltic states]]. An estimated 8000 people took part.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvnet.lv/4515415/riga-bez-lieliem-starpgadijumiem-nosledzies-baltijas-praids|title=Rīgā bez lieliem starpgadījumiem noslēdzies «Baltijas praids»|last=|first=|date=2018-06-09|website=TVNET|language=lv|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-05-19}}</ref> The events took place for 100 days from March 3 to June 10 with the parade being held through the city on June 9.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://eng.lsm.lv/article/society/society/riga-to-host-baltic-pride-2018.a237037/|title=Riga to host Baltic Pride 2018|last=|first=|date=2017-09-19|website=[[Public Broadcasting of Latvia]]|language=en|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-05-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.delfi.lv/a/50106095|title=Foto: Vērmanes dārzā noslēdzies Baltijas praida gājiens; policija aizturējusi vienu personu|last=|first=|date=2018-06-09|website=[[Delfi (web portal)|delfi.lv]]|language=lv|archive-url=|archive-date=|dead-url=|access-date=2019-05-19}}</ref>
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| − | ====Lithuania====
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| − | In 2010 first pride parade - the 2nd Baltic Pride - in [[Lithuania]] was held in [[Vilnius]]. About 300 foreign guests marched through the streets along the local participants. Law was enforced with nearly a thousand policemen. The city also hosted the event in 2013 and 2016.
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| − | The 2019 Baltic Pride will be held June 4-9 in Vilnius.
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| − | ====Netherlands====
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| − | [[File:Gay pride amsterdam.jpg|thumb|[[Amsterdam]]'s pride parade is held in the canals that surround the city]]
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| − | {{main|Amsterdam Gay Pride}}
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| − | The [[Amsterdam]], in the [[Netherlands]], Gay Pride has been held since 1996 and can be seen as one of the most successful in acquiring social acceptance. The week(end)-long event involves concerts, sports tournaments, street parties and most importantly the Canal Pride, a parade on boats on the canals of Amsterdam. In 2008 three government ministers joined on their own boat, representing the whole cabinet. Mayor of Amsterdam [[Job Cohen]] also joined. About 500,000 visitors were reported. 2008 was also the first year large Dutch international corporations [[ING Group]] and [[TNT NV]] sponsored the event.
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| − | The Utrecht Canal Pride is the second largest in the country, organised annually since 2017.<ref>[https://www.utrechtcanalpride.nl/organisatie About the Utrecht Canal Pride (in Dutch)]</ref> Smaller Pride parades are organised in many larger cities across the country.
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| − | ====Poland====
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| − | [[File:Warszawa.ParadaRownosci2006wz3.jpg|thumb|right|[[Parada Równości|Warsaw Pride in 2006]]]]
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| − |
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| − | {{see also|Parada Równości}}
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| − | The oldest pride parade in Poland, the [[Warsaw]] Pride, has been organized since 2001. In 2005, the parade was forbidden by local authorities (including then-Mayor [[Lech Kaczyński]]) but occurred nevertheless. The ban was later declared a violation of the European Convention on Human Rights ([[Bączkowski and Others v. Poland]]). In 2008, more than 1,800 people joined the march. In 2010 EuroPride took place in Warsaw with approximately 8,000 participants. The last parade in Warsaw, in 2017, drew 50,000 people. Other Polish cities which host pride parades are [[Kraków]], [[Łódź]], [[Poznań]], [[Gdańsk]], [[Toruń]] and [[Wrocław]]. In 2018 pride parade was organised for the first time in [[Lublin]], [[Częstochowa]], [[Rzeszów]], [[Opole]], [[Zielona Góra]] and [[Konin]].
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| − | ====Portugal====
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| − | In [[Lisbon]], the Pride Parade, known as ''Marcha do Orgulho LGBTI+,'' has been held every year since 2000, as well as in [[Porto]] since 2006.<ref>{{pt icon}} [http://www.orgulhoporto.org/ orgulhoporto.org]. orgulhoporto.org. Retrieved on 2011-07-10.</ref> In 2017, [[Funchal]] hosted their first Pride Parade.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.dnoticias.pt/madeira/cerca-de-300-pessoas-participaram-na-1--marcha-do-orgulho-lgbti-do-funchal-CC2141598|title=Cerca de 300 pessoas participaram na 1.ª Marcha do Orgulho LGBTI do Funchal|work=www.dnoticias.pt|access-date=2018-06-17|language=pt-PT}}</ref>
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| − | ====Russia====
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| − | [[File:MoscowPride2008-1.jpg|thumb|right|Moscow Pride protest in 2008]]
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| − | Prides in Russia are generally banned by city authorities in [[St. Petersburg]] and Moscow, due to opposition from politicians, religious leaders and most people.{{Citation needed|date=January 2016}} Moscow Mayor [[Yuri Luzhkov]] has described the proposed [[Moscow Pride]] as "satanic".<ref name=BBC1>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6310883.stm |title=''Moscow bans 'satanic' gay parade'' |publisher=BBC News |date=2007-01-29 |accessdate=2017-06-10}}</ref> Attempted parades have led to clashes between protesters and counter-protesters, with the police acting to keep the two apart and disperse participants. In 2007 British activist [[Peter Tatchell]] was physically assaulted.<ref name=SMH>[http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2007/05/28/1180205111009.html?from=top5 Sidney Morning Herald]. Smh.com.au (May 28, 2007). Retrieved on 2011-07-10.</ref> This was not the case in the high-profile attempted march in May 2009, during the Eurovision Song Contest. In this instance the police played an active role in arresting pride marchers. The [[European Court of Human Rights]] has ruled that Russia has until January 20, 2010 to respond to cases of pride parades being banned in 2006, 2007 and 2008.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20091013020214/http://ukgaynews.org.uk/Archive/09/Oct/0702.htm European Court of Human Rights Gives Russia Four Months to Answer Moscow Gay Prides Bans: Strasbourg Court decision could be announced before fifth Moscow Pride next year] October 7, 2009 UK Gay News via GayRussia.ru.</ref> In June 2012, Moscow courts enacted a hundred-year ban on pride parades.<ref>{{cite news |title=Not The Onion: Moscow Bans Gay Pride for Next 100 years |first=Steve |last=Clemons |authorlink=Steven Clemons |url=https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/06/not-the-onion-moscow-bans-gay-pride-for-next-100-years/258296/ |newspaper=[[The Atlantic]] |date=June 8, 2012 |accessdate=June 8, 2012}}</ref>
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| − | ====Serbia====
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| − | [[File:Belgrade pride 2010-09.jpg|thumb|right|Gay pride parade in Belgrade in 2010]]
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| − | On June 30, 2001, several [[LGBT rights in Serbia|Serbian LGBTQ groups]] attempted to hold the country's first Pride march in [[Belgrade]]. When the participants started to gather in one of the city's principal squares, a huge crowd of opponents attacked the event, injuring several participants and stopping the march. The police were not equipped to suppress riots or protect the Pride marchers. Some of the victims of the attack took refuge in a student cultural centre, where a discussion was to follow the Pride march. Opponents surrounded the building and stopped the forum from happening. There were further clashes between police and opponents of the Pride march, and several police officers were injured.<ref name="vreme1">{{cite web | url=http://www.vreme.com/cms/view.php?id=291455 | title=Čistota Otačestva | publisher=[[Vreme]] | work=Majdun Zoran | date=July 5, 2001 | accessdate=February 21, 2012|language=sr}}</ref><ref name="vreme2">{{cite web | url=http://www.vreme.com/cms/view.php?id=291456 | title=Mržnja na mreži, batine na ulici | publisher=[[Vreme]] | date=July 5, 2001 | accessdate=February 21, 2012|language=sr}}</ref>
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| − | Non-governmental organizations and a number of public personalities criticised the assailants, the government and security officials. Government officials did not particularly comment on the event, nor were there any consequences for the approximately 30 young men arrested in the riots.<ref name="vreme1"/><ref name="vreme2"/>
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| − | On July 21, 2009, a group of human rights activists announced their plans to organize second Belgrade Pride on September 20, 2009. However, due to the heavy public threats of violence made by extreme right organisations, Ministry of Internal Affairs in the morning of September 19 moved the location of the march from the city centre to a space near the [[Palace of Serbia]] therefore effectively banning the original 2009 Belgrade Pride.<ref>
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| − | [http://eng.belgradepride.rs/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=54:pride-march-2009-is-banned-&catid=1:latest-news Pride March 2009 Is Banned] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090927073920/http://eng.belgradepride.rs/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=54%3Apride-march-2009-is-banned-&catid=1%3Alatest-news |date=September 27, 2009 }} Majda, September 19, 2009.</ref>
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| − | Belgrade Pride parade was held on October 10, 2010 with about 1000 participants<ref>{{Cite news | url=http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2010&mm=10&dd=10&nav_id=70193 | work=B92 | title=1,000 participants at Pride Parade | date=October 10, 2010 | deadurl=yes | archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20101013000354/http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics-article.php?yyyy=2010&mm=10&dd=10&nav_id=70193 | archivedate=October 13, 2010 | df=mdy-all }}</ref> and while the parade itself went smoothly, [[Belgrade anti-gay riot|a riot broke out]] in which 5600 police clashed with six thousand anti-gay protesters<ref>{{cite AV media |year=2011 |title=Parada |trans-title=The Parade |url=https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1784575/ |time=1:46:00 }}</ref> at Serbia's second ever Gay Pride march attempt, with nearly 147 policemen and around 20 civilians reported wounded in the violence. Every attempt of organizing the parade between 2010 and 2014 was banned.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.b92.net/zivot/vesti.php?yyyy=2010&mm=10&dd=11&nav_id=464459 | work=B92 | title=Parada ponosa u senci nereda | date=October 11, 2010}}</ref>
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| − | In 2013, the plan was to organize the parade on September 28. It was banned by the government only a day before on September 27.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2013&mm=09&dd=27&nav_category=12&nav_id=758688 | work=B92 | title=Nema Parade ponosa | date=September 27, 2013}}</ref> Only a few hours after, a few hundreds of protesters gathered in front of the Serbian Government building in Nemanjina street and marched to the Parliament building in Bulevar kralja Aleksandra.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.b92.net/info/vesti/index.php?yyyy=2013&mm=09&dd=27&nav_category=12&nav_id=758871 | work=B92 | title=Protest zbog zabrane Parade ponosa | date=September 27, 2013}}</ref>
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| − | In 2014, the pride parade was allowed to be held on September 28. It was protected by 7,000 police and went smoothly. There were some incidents and violence around the city, but on a smaller scale than previous times the parade was held.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/drustvo/1708390/parada-ponosa-u-beogradu.html|title=Parada ponosa u Beogradu|first=RTS, Radio televizija Srbije, Radio Television of|last=Serbia|publisher=|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref>
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| − | In 2015, the pride parade, as well as a trans pride, was held on 20 September with no incidents.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/drustvo/2043640/parada-ponosa-u-beogradu-bez-incidenata.html|title=Parada ponosa u Beogradu bez incidenata|first=RTS, Radio televizija Srbije, Radio Television of|last=Serbia|publisher=|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref>
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| − | In 2016, for the first time alternative pride parade called Pride Serbia was held on 25 June,<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/setnja-ponos-srbije-svi-smo-jednaki/27820215.html |title=Šetnja 'Ponos Srbije': Svi smo jednaki |language=Croatian |trans-title=Parade 'Pride of Serbia': We are all equal |date=25 June 2016 |author=Ljudmila Cvetković |dead-url=yes |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160626141346/https://www.slobodnaevropa.org/a/setnja-ponos-srbije-svi-smo-jednaki/27820215.html |archive-date=2016-06-26}}</ref> and the Belgrade Pride was held on 18 September. Both were held with no incidents.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rts.rs/page/stories/sr/story/125/drustvo/2456821/stroge-bezbednosne-mere-zbog-parade-ponosa.html|title=Održana Parada ponosa uz stroge bezbednosne mere|first=RTS, Radio televizija Srbije, Radio Television of|last=Serbia|publisher=|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref>
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| − | In 2017, three pride parades were held with no incidents, two in Belgrade<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.blic.rs/vesti/drustvo/razjedinjeni-ove-godine-dve-parade-ponosa-u-subotu-pa-u-septembru/ssmnqz7|title=RAZJEDINJENI Ove godine dve parade ponosa - u subotu, pa u septembru|work=Blic.rs|access-date=2018-08-13|language=sr}}</ref> and one in Niš.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://rs.n1info.com/a279099/Vesti/Vesti/Odrzana-Parada-ponosa-u-Nisu-uz-veliko-prisustvo-policije.html|title=Održana Parada ponosa u Nišu, uz veliko prisustvo policije|work=N1 Srbija|access-date=2018-08-13|language=sr-Latn}}</ref>
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| − | In 2018, the "Belgrade Pride" was attended by thousands of people and it became one of the biggest Pride Parade festival in the region.
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| − | ====Slovenia====
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| − | {{unreferenced section|date=February 2012}}
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| − | Although first LGBTQ festival in [[Slovenia]] dates to 1984, namely the Ljubljana Gay and Lesbian Film Festival, the first pride parade was only organized in 2001 after a gay couple was asked to leave a [[Ljubljana]] café for being homosexual. Ljubljana pride is traditionally supported by the mayor of Ljubljana and left-wing politicians, most notably the Interior minister [[Katarina Kresal]], who joined both the 2009 and 2010 parade. Some individual attacks on activists have occurred.
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| − | ====Spain====
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| − | [[File:Europride 2007 Madrid.JPG|thumb|More than 500,000 people in Europride 2007 pride parade in [[Madrid]]]]
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| − | Madrid Pride Parade, known as ''Fiesta del Orgullo Gay'' (or simply ''Fiesta del Orgullo''), ''Manifestación Estatal del Orgullo LGTB'' and ''Día del Orgullo Gay'' (or simply ''Día del Orgullo''), is held the first Saturday after June 28<ref name="López2015">{{cite book|author=Enrique Ávila López|title=Modern Spain|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zjkVCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA399|date=7 December 2015|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-1-61069-601-2|pages=399–}}</ref> since 1979.<ref name="Spain decriminalized '79">{{cite news|title=Where is it illegal to be gay?|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-25927595|work=BBC|date=February 10, 2014}}</ref>
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| − | The event is organised by [[COGAM]] (Madrid GLTB Collective) and [[FELGTB]] (Spanish Federation of Lesbians, Gays, Transsexuals and Bisexuals) and supported by other national and international LGTB groups. The first Gay Parade in Madrid was held after the death of [[Francisco Franco|Franco]], with the arrival of democracy, in 1979. Since then, dozens of companies like [[Microsoft]], [[Google]] and [[Schweppes]] and several political parties and trade unions, including [[Spanish Socialist Workers' Party]], [[Podemos (Spanish political party)|PODEMOS]], [[United Left (Spain)|United Left]], [[Union, Progress and Democracy]], [[CCOO]] and [[Unión General de Trabajadores|UGT]] have been supporting the parade. Madrid Pride Parade is the biggest gay demonstration in Europe, with more than 1.5 million attendees in 2009, according to the [[Spanish government]].
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| − | In 2007, [[Europride]], the European Pride Parade, took place in [[Madrid]]. About 2.5 million people attended more than 300 events over a week in the Spanish capital to celebrate Spain as the country with the most developed LGBT rights in the world. Independent media estimated that more than 200,000 visitors came from foreign countries to join in the festivities. Madrid gay district [[Chueca]], the biggest gay district in Europe, was the centre of the celebrations. The event was supported by the city, regional and national government and private sector which also ensured that the event was financially successful. [[Barcelona]], [[Valencia]] and [[Seville]] hold also local Pride Parades. In 2008 [[Barcelona]] hosted the [[EuroGames (LGBT sporting event)|Eurogames]].
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| − | In 2017, Madrid hosted the [[WorldPride]]. It would be the first time WorldPride was celebrated in a Spanish city. At the same time, it celebrated its 10th anniversary of Mr Gay Pride Spain with the winner going on to represent Spain in Mr Gay World.<ref>{{cite web | url=http://worldgaypridemadrid2017.com/en/worldpride/ | title=Madrid WorldPride 2017 | date=2016-11-23 | access-date=January 27, 2019 | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180819062934/http://worldgaypridemadrid2017.com/en/worldpride/ | archive-date=August 19, 2018 | dead-url=yes | df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref name="Spain 2017">{{cite news|last1=Boutreux|first1=Laurence|title=Party and security: Madrid gears up for WorldPride march|url=http://www.msn.com/en-us/news/world/party-and-security-madrid-gears-up-for-worldpride-march/ar-BBDvOZs|agency=Associated Press|via=MSN|date=July 1, 2017}}{{Dead link|date=July 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Mr Gay Pride Spain">{{cite web|title=MR GAY PRIDE GRAND FINAL|url=http://www.spain.info/en/que-quieres/agenda/eventos/madrid/mrgay_pride_granfinal.html|website=Spain info|publisher=Spain government}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Mr Gay Pride 10th anniversary|url=http://mrgaypride.es/|website=Mr Gay Pride}}</ref>
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| − | ====Sweden====
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| − | The [[Stockholm Pride]], sometimes styled as ''STHLM Pride'', is the biggest annual Pride event in the Nordic countries with over 60,000 participants early and 600,000 people following the parade. The Stockholm Pride is notable for several officials such as the [[Swedish Police Authority]] and [[Swedish Armed Forces]] having their own entities in the parade.
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| − | A lot of Swedish cities have their own Pride festivals, most notably [[Gothenburg]] and [[Malmö]].
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| − | ====Turkey====
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| − | [[File:Gay pride Istanbul at Taksim Square.jpg|thumb|Istanbul LGBT pride parade in 2011, [[Taksim Square]], [[Istanbul]]]]
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| − | Turkey was the first Muslim-majority country in which a gay pride march was being held.<ref>[http://pride.yahoo.com/2010/] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120213161714/http://pride.yahoo.com/2010/|date=February 13, 2012}}</ref> However, the parades have been banned nationwide since 2015. Authorities cite security concerns and threats from far-right and Islamist groups, but severe police retrubution against marchers had led to accusations of discrimination tied to the country's increasing Islamization under Erdogan.<ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/jun/25/turkish-police-break-up-gay-pride-protest-in-istanbul Turkish police break up gay pride protest in Istanbul], ''The Guardian''</ref>
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| − | In [[Istanbul]] (since 2003) and in [[Ankara]] (since 2008) gay marches were being held each year with an increasing participation. Gay pride march in Istanbul started with 30 people in 2003 and in 2010 the participation became 5,000. The pride March 2011 and 2012 were attended by more than 15,000 participants.
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| − | On June 30, 2013, the pride parade attracted almost 100,000 people.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraaf.nl/tv/21696299/__Gay_Pride_in_Istanbul_groot_succes__.html |title=Gay Pride in Istanbul groot succes – Nieuws | Altijd op de hoogte van het laatste nieuws met Telegraaf.nl [tv] |publisher=Telegraaf.nl |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> The protesters were joined by [[Gezi Park]] protesters, making the 2013 Istanbul Pride the biggest pride ever held in Turkey.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://dunya.milliyet.com.tr/taksim-deki-onur-yuruyusu-ne-bbc/dunya/detay/1730407/default.htm |title=Taksim'deki Onur Yürüyüşü'ne BBC yorumu: Bugüne kadar... – Milliyet |publisher=Dunya.milliyet.com.tr |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> On the same day, the first [[Izmir Pride]] took place with 2000 participants.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.kaosgl.com/sayfa.php?id=14410 |title=İzmir'de İlk Onur Yürüyüşünde Sokaklar Doldu Taştı | Kaos GL Gey Lezbiyen Biseksüel Trans Eşcinsel Haber Portalı |publisher=Kaosgl.com |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141110125712/http://www.kaosgl.com/sayfa.php?id=14410 |archive-date=November 10, 2014 |dead-url=yes |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Another pride took place in [[Antalya]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.siyahpembe.org/index.php/antalya-ve-izmir-onur-haftasini-yuruyusle-selamlayacak/ |accessdate=July 1, 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130921061920/http://www.siyahpembe.org/index.php/antalya-ve-izmir-onur-haftasini-yuruyusle-selamlayacak/ |archivedate=September 21, 2013 }}</ref> Politicians of the biggest opposition party, [[Republican People's Party (Turkey)|CHP]] and another opposition party, [[Peace and Democracy Party|BDP]] also lent their support to the demonstration.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.ntvmsnbc.com/id/25227029/ |title=İstiklal Caddesi 10 bin renk! – Genel |publisher=ntvmsnbc.com |date=January 1, 1970 |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> The pride march in Istanbul does not receive any support of the municipality or the government.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.hurriyetdailynews.com/n.php?n=istanbul-becoming-proud-of-pride-week-2011-06-19 |title=ARTS-CULTURE – Istanbul becoming proud of Pride Week |publisher=Hurriyetdailynews.com |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref>
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| − | On June 28, 2015, police in Istanbul interrupted the parade, which the organisers said was refused permission this year due to the holy month Ramadan,<ref>{{cite news |last1=Mehmet |first1=Caliskan |first2=Yesmin |last2=Dikmen |first3=Gulsen |last3=Solaker |date=28 June 2015 |title=Turkish police use water cannon to disperse gay pride parade |url=http://uk.reuters.com/article/2015/06/28/uk-turkey-rights-pride-idUKKCN0P80P420150628?feedType=RSS&feedName=worldNews |work=[[Reuters]] UK |accessdate=29 June 2015 }}</ref> by firing pepper spray and rubber bullets.<ref>{{cite news |first=Michael |last=Winter |date=28 June 2015 |title=Istanbul police break up gay pride parade |url=https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2015/06/28/istanbul-police-break-up-gay-pride-parade/29425631/ |work=[[USA Today]] |accessdate=29 June 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite news |first1=Ashley |last1=Fantz |first2=Gul |last2=Tuysuz |first3=Arwa |last3=Damon |date=28 June 2015 |title=Turkish police fire pepper spray at gay pride parade |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2015/06/28/world/turkey-pride-parade-lgbt-violence/index.html |work=[[CNN]] |accessdate=29 June 2015 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://kaosgl.org/sayfa.php?id=21952|title=LGBTİ+ Onur Haftası basın açıklamasına da Valilik’ten ‘hassasiyet’ yasağı! - Kaos GL Haber Portalı|website=kaosgl.org|accessdate=May 24, 2017}}</ref>
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| − | ====United Kingdom====
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| − | [[File:Lesbian Strength March London 1983 start.jpg|thumb|right|Lesbian Strength March 1983]]
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| − | There are five main Pride events in the UK gay pride calendar: [[London Community Pride|London]], [[Brighton Pride|Brighton]], [[Liverpool]], [[Manchester Pride|Manchester]] and [[Birmingham Pride|Birmingham]] being the largest and are the cities with the biggest gay populations.
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| − | Pride London is one of the biggest in Europe and takes place on the final Saturday in June or first Saturday in July each year. London also hosted a Black Pride in August and Soho Pride or a similar event every September. During the early 1980s there was a women-only Lesbian Strength march held each year a week before the Gay Pride march. 2012 saw [[World Pride]] coming to London.
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| − | Starting in 2017, there is a Pride parade for the city's Black community that takes place the day after the main Pride parade, at the [[Vauxhall Gardens]].<ref>{{cite news |last=Baggs |first=Michael |date=6 July 2018 |title=Black Pride: Why we need an event to celebrate being black and gay |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/newsbeat-44725126 |work=BBC News |access-date=7 July 2018 }}</ref> In February 2018, the charity [[Stonewall (charity)|Stonewall]] announced that they would support Black Pride instead of the main Pride parade.<ref>{{cite news |url=https://www.stonewall.org.uk/our-work/blog/stonewalls-attendance-at-pride-events-in-2018 |title=Stonewall's attendance at Pride events in 2018 |date=21 February 2018}}</ref>
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| − | [[Brighton Pride]] is held on the first Saturday of August (apart from the 2012 where event was moved to September due to the 2012 Olympics). The event starts from the seafront and culminating at [[Preston Park, Brighton|Preston Park]].
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| − | [[Liverpool Pride]] was launched in 2010, but by 2011 it became the largest free Gay Pride festival in the United Kingdom outside London.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.gayradiouk.com |title=Liverpool Pride 2012 |publisher=Gaydar Radio |date=May 23, 2012 |accessdate=2012-05-30}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |author=Dean Booth |url=http://outoncampus.org/uk/events/878/liverpool-pride-2012 |title=Liverpool Pride 2012 |date=May 24, 2012 |publisher=Out on Campus |accessdate=2012-05-30 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120529065119/http://outoncampus.org/uk/events/878/liverpool-pride-2012 |archivedate=May 29, 2012 |df=mdy-all }}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=Jonathon Gilbert |url=http://www.liverpoolecho.co.uk/liverpool-news/local-news/2011/04/07/liverpool-pride-expected-to-bring-30-000-people-to-city-for-august-festival-100252-28475192 |title=Liverpool Pride expected to bring 30,000 people to city for August festival |date=April 7, 2011 |publisher=Liverpool Echo |accessdate=2012-05-30}}</ref> ([[LGBT culture in Liverpool|Liverpool's LGBT]] population was 94,000 by mid-2009 according to the North West Regional Development Agency.<ref>{{cite web|url= http://www.vsnw.org.uk/files/Publications/Final_report_Jan_2012.pdf |title= }})</ref>
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| − | [[Manchester Pride]] centres around the famous [[Canal Street (Manchester)|Canal Street]] and Is usually held about the 3rd weekend of August.
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| − | [[Birmingham Pride]] usually takes place during the final Spring bank holiday weekend in May, and focuses on the [[Birmingham Gay Village]] area of the city, with upwards of 70,000 people in attendance annually
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| − | Pride events also happen in most other major cities such as Belfast, Nottingham, Bristol, [[Pride Scotia|Edinburgh]], [[Pride Glasgow|Glasgow]], [[Leicester Pride|Leicester]], [[Sheffield]] and [[Northern Pride (festival)|Newcastle]].
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| − | ===North America===
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| − |
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| − | ====Canada====
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| − | [[File:Prideparade.jpg|thumb|Baton twirlers perform in the 2002 [[Divers/Cité]] pride parade in downtown Montreal.]]
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| − | {{Main|Fierté Montréal}}
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| − | Montreal's Gay Pride Parade is held in mid-August and has taken place every year since 1979, when a group of 200 people commemorated New York City's 1969 [[Stonewall Riots]] with ''"Gairilla"'', a precursor to Montreal's gay pride parade celebrations.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://montreal.about.com/od/montrealevents/a/pride_montreal_parade_defile_de_la_fierte_gai_celebrations.htm |title=Pride Montreal 2013 – Gay Pride Montreal 2013 Parade – Défilé de la fierté gai Celebrations |publisher=Montreal.about.com |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> The festivities take place over ten days, with events centered around the [[Gay Village, Montreal|Gay Village]].
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| − | {{Main|Pride Week (Toronto)}}
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| − | Toronto's pride parade has been held yearly since 1981. In 2003 its activists help score a major victory when the Ontario Court of Appeals upheld a lower court ruling which made same-sex marriage legal in Ontario, the first jurisdiction in North America to do so.<ref>{{Cite news| url=http://www.cbc.ca/news/story/2003/06/10/ont_samesex030610.html | work=CBC News | title=Ontario men wed following court ruling | date=June 13, 2003}}</ref> By this time the Toronto Pride Week Festival had been running for twenty-three years. It is also one of the largest, attracting around 1.3 million people in 2009.<ref>{{cite news| url=https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/national/world-pride-celebration-coming-to-town-in-2014/article1328774/|title=World Pride celebration coming to town in 2014|date=October 19, 2009 | location=Toronto | work=The Globe and Mail}}</ref> The latest pride parade in Toronto was held on Sunday June 24, 2018. Toronto hosted [[WorldPride]] in 2014.
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| − | Ottawa's annual pride parade, [[Capital Pride (Ottawa)|Capital Pride]], is held in late August. Held yearly since 1986, Capital Pride's goal is to help educate and promote the issues and interests of the LGBTQ community. In 1998, the Capital Pride Week Committee received a letter of support from Prime Minister [[Jean Chrétien]].<ref>{{cite web|last=Egale Canada|title=Obtaining Pride Proclamations|url=http://egale.ca/index.asp?item=155|accessdate=March 18, 2012|deadurl=yes|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20120203211715/http://www.egale.ca/index.asp?item=155|archivedate=February 3, 2012|df=mdy-all}}</ref>
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| − | [[Vancouver Pride Festival|Vancouver's Pride Parade]] takes place each year during the August long weekend ([[Civic Holiday|BC Day]] falls on the first Monday of August in the province of British Columbia). The parade takes place in the downtown core with over 150 floats moving along Robson Street, Denman Street and along Davie Street. The parade has a crowd of over 150,000 attendees with well over half a million in attendance for the August 4, 2013 Pride Parade.<ref>{{cite web|last=Tam |first=Christine |url=http://globalnews.ca/news/761407/vancouver-pride-parade-brightens-up-vancouver/ |title=Hundreds of thousands shine bright at Vancouver Pride Parade – BC |publisher=Globalnews.ca |date=August 4, 2013 |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.ca.msn.com/local/britishcolumbia/vancouver-pride-parade-expected-to-draw-record-crowd |title=Vancouver Pride Parade expected to draw record crowd – News – MSN CA |publisher=News.ca.msn.com |date=August 2, 2013 |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> New for 2013 are the permanently painted rainbow crosswalks in Vancouver's West End neighbourhood at Davie and Bute streets.<ref>{{cite web|last=Lupick |first=Travis |url=https://www.straight.com/blogra/405246/photos-vancouver-loves-its-new-rainbow-crosswalks |title=Photos: Vancouver loves its new rainbow crosswalks | Georgia Straight |publisher=Straight.com |date=July 31, 2013 |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> The city of [[Surrey, British Columbia|Surrey]], in the [[Metro Vancouver]]<nowiki/> area also hosts a Pride Festival, though on a much smaller scale.<ref>{{cite web|author= |url=http://www.surreyleader.com/community/214206361.html |title=Surrey Pride Festival July 7 at Holland Park |publisher=Surrey Leader |date=July 5, 2013 |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref>
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| − | ====United States====
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| − | [[File:San Francisco Pride Parade 2012-6.jpg|thumbnail|left|San Francisco Pride Parade 2012]]
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| − | [[File:New York Gay Pride 2011.jpg|thumb|right|The 2011 [[New York City Pride March]] honored the legalization of [[same-sex marriage in New York]] that year.]]
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| − | [[File:NASA_LGBT_parade.jpg|thumb|left|[[NASA]] Pride Parade in Silicon Valley]]
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| − | [[File:First Pride March in Homer with dinosaur.jpg|alt=photo of Pride Parade in Homer, Alaska|thumb|First LGBTQ Pride Parade in [[Homer, Alaska]].]]
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| − | The annual [[New York City Pride March]] began in 1970, as did [[LA Pride|Los Angeles Pride]], Chicago Pride, and Pride San Francisco that year. The New York City Pride March rivals the [[Sao Paulo Gay Pride Parade]] as the largest pride parade in the world, attracting tens of thousands of participants and millions of sidewalk spectators each June.<ref name=NYCWorld'sLargestPrideParade>{{cite web|url=http://newyork.cbslocal.com/2017/06/25/48th-nyc-pride-march/|title=Revelers Take To The Streets For 48th Annual NYC Pride March|publisher=CBS New York|date=June 25, 2017|accessdate=June 26, 2017|quote=A sea of rainbows took over the Big Apple for the biggest pride parade in the world Sunday.}}</ref><ref name=NYCWorld'sMediaCapitalLargestPrideParade>{{cite web |url=https://www.lgbtqnation.com/2017/05/first-nyc-pridefest-will-televised/ |title=ABC will broadcast New York's pride parade live for the first time |author=Dawn Ennis |publisher=LGBTQ Nation |date=May 24, 2017 |accessdate=September 26, 2018|quote=Never before has any TV station in the entertainment and news media capital of the world carried what organizer boast is the world’s largest Pride parade live on TV.}}</ref>
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| − | The 2011 New York City parade was held just two days after the legalization of gay marriage in the state of New York. Other pride parades include Miami Beach Pride, Boston Pride, Rhode Island Pride in Providence, [[Chicago Pride Parade]], [[PrideFest (Denver)|Denver PrideFest]], [[Columbus Pride]], [[Cincinnati Pride]], Albuquerque Pride, [[Atlanta Pride]], [[Augusta Pride]], [[Capital Pride (Washington, D.C.)|Capital Pride]], [[Come Out With Pride]] (Orlando), [[Circle City IN Pride]], [[Houston Gay Pride Parade]], [[Jacksonville Pride]], [[Nashville Pride]], [[Southern Decadence|New Orleans Decadence]], Oklahoma City Pride and Festival, Orange County Pride, [[San Diego Pride]], Long Beach (CA) LGBT Pride, Palm Springs Pride, Philly Pride, [[Pride Northwest#Portland LGBT Pride Festival & Parade|Portland Pride]], Queens Pride, [[San Francisco Pride]], [[Seattle Pride]], [[St. Louis PrideFest]], St. Pete Pride, [[Twin Cities Pride]] (Minneapolis/St. Paul) and [[Utah Pride Festival]], among many others. In 2018, the small town of [[Homer, Alaska]], held its first pride parade.
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| − | =====Puerto Rico=====
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| − | {{more citations needed|section|date=November 2017}}
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| − | {{Further|LGBT in Puerto Rico}}
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| − | There are two cities in the [[U.S. territory]] of [[Puerto Rico]] that celebrate pride parades/festivals. The first one began in June, 1990 in [[San Juan, Puerto Rico|San Juan]]; later in June, 2003 the city of [[Cabo Rojo, Puerto Rico|Cabo Rojo]] started celebrating its own pride parade. The pride parade in Cabo Rojo has become very popular and has received thousands of attendees in the last few years. San Juan Pride runs along Ashford Avenue in the Condado area (a popular tourist district), while Cabo Rojo Pride takes place in Boquerón.
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| − | ====Mexico====
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| − | [[File:EagleFloat2009MarchaDF.JPG|thumb|right|[[Float (parade)|Float]] with [[Eagle warrior|Aztec Eagle Warrior]] theme at 2009 [[Pride Parade|LGBT Pride Parade]] in Mexico City|alt=Gay-rights parade float with Aztec eagle-warrior theme]]
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| − | The first gay pride parade in [[Mexico]] occurred in [[Mexico City]] in 1979, and it was attended by over a thousand people.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gaypedia.com/en/events/show/1205/Mexico-City-Gay-Pride-Orgullo-LGBT-Mexico-City |title=Mexico City Gay Pride/Orgullo LGBT Mexico City | Gay Pride |publisher=Gaypedia.com |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130907165254/http://www.gaypedia.com/en/events/show/1205/Mexico-City-Gay-Pride-Orgullo-LGBT-Mexico-City |archivedate=September 7, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Ever since, it has been held annually under different slogans, with the purpose of bringing visibility to sexual minorities, raising awareness about [[HIV/AIDS]], fighting homophobia, and advocating for LGBT rights, including the legalization of [[civil unions]], [[same-sex marriages]], and [[LGBT adoption]]. In 2009, more than 350,000 people attended the gay pride march in [[Mexico City]]—100,000 more than the previous year.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anodis.com/nota/14282.asp |title=Festeja la Ciudad de México el Orgullo Gay |publisher=Anodis |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100105215503/http://anodis.com/nota/14282.asp |archivedate=January 5, 2010 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Guadalajara]] has also held their own [[Guadalajara Gay Pride]] every June since 1996, and it is the second largest gay pride parade in the country.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.gaytravel.in/2011/04/guadalajara-has-vibrant-gay-scene/ |title=Guadalajara Has Vibrant Gay Scene | Rainbow Tourism Gay & Lesbian Travel Blog – Inside Gay and Lesbian Travel |publisher=Gaytravel.in |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140607005952/http://www.gaytravel.in/2011/04/guadalajara-has-vibrant-gay-scene/ |archive-date=June 7, 2014 |dead-url=yes |df=mdy-all }}</ref> Gay pride parades have also spread to the cities of [[Monterrey]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anodis.com/nota/4812.asp |title=Realizan marcha del orgullo LGBT en Monterrey |publisher=Anodis |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016095905/http://anodis.com/nota/4812.asp |archivedate=October 16, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[León, Guanajuato]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.periodicoexpress.com.mx/nota.php?id=200097 |title=Periódico Express de Nayarit - Encabeza Le Naché, Marcha del Orgullo Gay en León, Gto |publisher=Periodicoexpress.com.mx |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130625133301/http://www.periodicoexpress.com.mx/nota.php?id=200097 |archivedate=June 25, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Puebla, Puebla|Puebla]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anodis.com/nota/13710.asp |title=Convocan a juntas para la 8 Marcha del Orgullo LGBT en Puebla |publisher=Anodis |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090311002816/http://www.anodis.com/nota/13710.asp |archivedate=March 11, 2009 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Tijuana]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anodis.com/nota/14289.asp |title=Se tiñe Tijuana de arco iris con el Orgullo Gay |publisher=Anodis |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090813084050/http://anodis.com/nota/14289.asp |archivedate=August 13, 2009 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Toluca]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anodis.com/nota/9857.asp |title=Tendrá Toluca su Marcha del Orgullo Gay |publisher=Anodis |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016095905/http://anodis.com/nota/9857.asp |archivedate=October 16, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Cancun]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/notas/690823.html |title=Realizan marcha del orgullo LGBTen Cancъn |publisher=El Universal |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> [[Acapulco]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anodis.com/nota/16507.asp |title=Realizan Marchas del Orgullo gay en Mérida y Acapulco |publisher=Anodis |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131113091944/http://anodis.com/nota/16507.asp |archivedate=November 13, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Mérida, Yucatán|Mérida]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.notiese.org/notiese.php?ctn_id=876 |title=Anuncian Marcha del Orgullo gay en Mérida |publisher=Notiese.org |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> [[Xalapa]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anodis.com/nota/19761.asp |title=Realizan Sexta Marcha del Orgullo Gay en Xalapa |publisher=Anodis |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150904062755/http://anodis.com/nota/19761.asp |archivedate=September 4, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Cuernavaca]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://anodis.com/nota/14614.asp |title=Celebran V Marcha del Orgullo Gay en Cuernavaca |publisher=Anodis |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151016095905/http://anodis.com/nota/14614.asp |archivedate=October 16, 2015 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Chihuahua, Chihuahua|Chihuahua]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.omnia.com.mx/noticias/convocan-marcha-del-orgullo-gay-en-chihuahua/ |title=Omnia |publisher=Omnia |date=May 21, 2009 |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606233630/http://www.omnia.com.mx/noticias/convocan-marcha-del-orgullo-gay-en-chihuahua/ |archivedate=June 6, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Matamoros, Tamaulipas|Matamoros]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.valleycentral.com/news/story.aspx?id=769399#.UYiHlLWG2So |title=Matamoros holds first gay pride parade in Tamaulipas history : News |publisher=ValleyCentral.com |date=June 25, 2012 |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> [[Saltillo]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.vanguardia.com.mx/anuncianmarchaporelorgullogayensaltillo-1716483.html |title=Anuncian marcha por el orgullo gay en Saltillo |publisher=Vanguardia.com.mx |date=May 19, 2013 |accessdate=2013-08-19}}</ref> [[Mazatlan]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.mazatlaninteractivo.com.mx/new/noticias/ultimas-noticias/marcha-gay-mazatlan-2011/ |title=Hoteles | Bienes Raices | Paseos | Restaurantes – Marcha Gay Mazatlan 2011 |publisher=Mazatlan Interactivo |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20130329090024/http://www.mazatlaninteractivo.com.mx/new/noticias/ultimas-noticias/marcha-gay-mazatlan-2011/ |archivedate=March 29, 2013 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Los Cabos]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://noticias.cabovision.tv/especiales/5-eventos-sociales/6264-por-quinta-ocasion-en-los-cabos-se-realiza-marcha-del-orgullo-gay.html |title=Por quinta ocasión en Los Cabos se realiza Marcha del Orgullo Gay | Noticias.Cabovision.TV – Las Noticias de Los Cabos en tu email. Videos, Editoriales y Reportajes Ecoturísticos |publisher=Noticias.Cabovision.TV |date= |accessdate=2013-08-19 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606221251/http://noticias.cabovision.tv/especiales/5-eventos-sociales/6264-por-quinta-ocasion-en-los-cabos-se-realiza-marcha-del-orgullo-gay.html |archivedate=June 6, 2014 |df=mdy-all }}</ref> [[Puerto Vallarta]],<ref>{{cite web |url=http://gaypv.mx/blog/2014/05/successful-gay-pride-parade-and-artistic-festival-in-puerto-vallarta/ |title=GayPV | Successful Gay Pride Parade and Artistic Festival in Puerto Vallarta |publisher=[[Gay PV|Gaypv]].mx |date=May 25, 2014 |accessdate=2014-07-10 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140606215734/http://gaypv.mx/blog/2014/05/successful-gay-pride-parade-and-artistic-festival-in-puerto-vallarta/ |archive-date=June 6, 2014 |dead-url=yes |df=mdy-all }}</ref> and [[Hermosillo]], among others.
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| − |
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| − | ===Pacific===
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| − |
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| − | ====Australia====
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| − | [[File:Sydney Mardi Gras 2006.jpg|thumb|Sydney's pride parade, [[Sydney Gay & Lesbian Mardi Gras]], is one of the world's largest and is held at night]]
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| − | Australia's first pride marches were held during a national Gay Pride Week in September 1973 organised by gay liberation groups in Sydney, <ref name="gaypridesyd">{{cite web |url=http://www.takver.com/history/sydney/gay_pride1973.htm |title=Gay Pride 1973 - Gay Liberation hits the streets of Sydney|accessdate=2019-04-02 |date=April 2, 2019 |}}</ref><ref name="gayprideweek">{{cite web |author=Marcus Bunyan |url=https://artblart.com/2014/07/25/exhibition-out-of-the-closets-into-the-streets-gay-liberation-photography-1971-73-at-edmund-pearce-gallery-melbourne-video/ |title=Exhibition: ‘Out of the closets, into the streets: gay liberation photography 1971-73’ at Edmund Pearce Gallery, Melbourne |date=25 July 2014 |website=Art Blart |accessdate=2019-04-02}}</ref> Melbourne,<ref name="gayprideweek"/> Adelaide,<ref name="gayprideweek"/> and Brisbane.
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| − |
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| − | The [[Sydney Gay & Lesbian Mardi Gras]] is the largest Australian pride event and one of the largest in the world.<ref name="abc2009">{{cite web|url=http://www.abc.net.au/news/stories/2009/03/08/2510295.htm |title=Economic woes fail to rain on Mardi Gras parade |accessdate=2009-06-17 |date=March 9, 2009 |work=[[ABC News (Australia)|ABC News]] |publisher=[[Australian Broadcasting Corporation]] }}</ref> The inaugural event was held on 24 June 1978, and was organised by the Gay Solidarity Group and was intended to be a street festival, one of three events as part of a Day of International Gay Solidarity, produced in response to a call from the organisers of the San Francisco Gay Freedom Day, and highlighting local gay and lesbian rights issues. Following a police riot and assault at the end of the street festival, 53 were arrested; with over 120 more arrested at subsequent protests. The then Sydney Gay Mardi Gras subsequently became an annual event from 1979. The parade is held at night with ~12,000 participants on and around elaborate floats.<ref name="abc2009"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://mardigras.org.au/internal.cfm?sub=Parade&nav=Mardi%20Gras%202009 |title=Mardi Gras 2009 Parade |work=New Mardi Gras |publisher=mardigras.org.au |accessdate=2009-01-17 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110607201208/http://mardigras.org.au/internal.cfm?sub=Parade&nav=Mardi%20Gras%202009 |archivedate=June 7, 2011 |df=mdy-all }}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | Perth's Pride March was established in October 1990, by the newly formed WA Pride Collective (now WA Pride).<ref name="wapride"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.pridewa.com.au/|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121010082620/http://www.pridewa.com.au/|dead-url=yes|archive-date=October 10, 2012|title=WA Pride |accessdate=2019-04-02 |date=April 2, 2019 |}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | Melbourne's Pride March, now part of the [[Midsumma Festival]] (1989-), was established in 1996.<ref name="midsumma">{{cite web|url=http://midsumma.org.au/midsumma-history | title=Midsumma History |accessdate=2019-04-02 |date=April 2, 2019 |}}</ref> The event sees over 5000 participating in the Parade, and 20,000 lining Fitzroy Street, St Kilda.
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| − |
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| − | Adelaide's Pride March was established in 2003,<ref name="pridemarchadl">{{cite web |url=http://www.prideadelaide.org/history.html|title=Pride March Adelaide - History |accessdate=2019-04-02 |date=April 2, 2019 |}}</ref> on the anniversary of their first Pride March in 1973. Since then, the Adelaide Pride March has opened the annual [[Feast Festival]].
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| − | ====New Zealand====
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| − |
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| − | Auckland's City [[Auckland Pride Festival]] holds its parade in February every year.<ref name="aklpride">{{cite web|url=https://www.aucklandpridefestival.org.nz/|title=Auckland Pride Festival |work=Auckland Pride Festival |publisher=aucklandpridefestival.org.nz |accessdate=2017-03-21 }}</ref> In 2018, lesbian couple Victoria Envy and Sinéad O'Connell became the first couple in New Zealand to legally wed in the parade.<ref name="pridewdg">{{cite web|url=https://www.stuff.co.nz/life-style/love-sex/101511305/lesbian-couple-become-first-in-new-zealand-to-get-married-in-pride-parade|title=Lesbian couple become first in New Zealand to get married in Pride Parade |work=Lesbian couple become first in New Zealand to get married in Pride Parade |publisher=stuff.co.nz |accessdate=2018-02-23 }}</ref> and [[Jacinda Ardern]] became the first New Zealand Prime Minister to walk in the Auckland Pride Parade.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.tvnz.co.nz/one-news/new-zealand/jacinda-ardern-becomes-first-prime-minister-walk-in-pride-parade|title=Jacinda Ardern becomes the first prime minister to walk in a Pride Parade|date=15 February 2018}}</ref> In March, Wellington also holds a pride parade during the Wellington Pride Festival.<ref name="wgnpride">{{cite web|url=https://www.wellingtonpridefestival.org.nz/|title=Wellington Pride Festival |work=Wellington Pride Festival |publisher=wellingtonpridefestival.org.nz |accessdate=2017-03-21 }}</ref>
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| − | ===South America===
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| − | ====Argentina====
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| − | [[File:Bandera-Gay-Marcha-Orgullo-LGBT-Buenos-Aires.jpg|thumb|left|upright| LGBT flag hoisted in the [[Casa Rosada]], building of the Argentine government, in [[Buenos Aires]]]]
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| − | [[Buenos Aires]] has held pride parades since 1992, and since then have being growing.
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| − | In 2011 the parade was attended by several thousands of people.
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| − | [[Córdoba, Argentina|Cordoba]] hasheld pride parades since 2008, and [[Mendoza, Argentina|Mendoza]] since 2011.
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| − | Argentina was one of the first countries in the [[Western Hemisphere]] to legalize [[gay marriage]].
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| − | ====Brazil====
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| − | {{unreferenced section|date=February 2012}}
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| − | [[File:Bandeira LGBT no Congresso Nacional.jpg|thumb| LGBT flag extended in the Parliament of [[Brazil]]]]
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| − | [[File:Gay Beach-Ipanema-Rio de Janero Brazil.jpg|thumb| Gay friendly beach in [[Rio de Janeiro]]]]
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| − | {{Main|LGBT rights in Brazil}}
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| − | '''[[São Paulo Gay Pride Parade]] happens in [[Paulista Avenue]], in the city of [[São Paulo]], since 1997. The 2006 parade was named the biggest pride parade of the world at the time by ''[[Guinness World Records]]''; it typically rivals the [[New York City]] [[New York City Pride March|Pride March]] as the largest pride''' parade in the world.<ref name=NYCWorld'sLargestPrideParade/> In 2010, the city hall of São Paulo invested R$1 million in the parade.
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| − |
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| − | The Pride Parade is heavily supported by the federal government as well as by the Governor of São Paulo, the event counts with a solid security plan, many politicians show up to open the main event and the government not rarely parades with a float with politicians on top of it. In the Pride the city usually receives about 400,000 tourists and moves between R$180 million and R$190 million.
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| − |
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| − | The Pride and its associated events are organized by the ''Associação da Parada do Orgulho de Gays, Lésbicas, Bissexuais e Travestis e Transsexuais'', since its foundation in 1999. The march is the event's main activity and the one that draws the biggest attention to the press, the Brazilian authorities, and the hundreds of thousands of curious people that line themselves along the parade's route. In 2009, 3.2 million people attended the 13th annual Gay Pride Parade.
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| − | The second biggest Pride Parade in Brazil is [[Rio de Janeiro]] Gay Pride Parade, numbering about 2 million people, traditionally taking place in [[Zona Sul]] or Rio's most affluent neighborhoods between the city center and the world-famous oceanic beaches, which usually happens in the second part of the year, when it is winter or spring in the [[Southern Hemisphere]], generally characterizing milder weather for Rio de Janeiro (about 15[[Celsius|°C]] in difference), except for occasional stormy cold fronts. The Rio de Janeiro Gay Pride Parade and its associated events are organized by the NGO Arco-Íris ([[Portuguese language|Portuguese]] for ''rainbow''). The group is one of the founders of the [[Associação Brasileira de Gays, Lésbicas, Bissexuais, Travestis e Transexuais]] (Brazilian Association of Gays, Lesbians, Bisexuals, Transvestites (this word used as a synonym for transgender persons in Brazil) and Transsexuals). Other Pride Parades which happen in [[Greater Rio de Janeiro]] take place in [[Niterói]], Rio de Janeiro's ex-capital in the times when Rio was the Brazilian capital and a separated [[Federal District (Brazil)|Federal District]], and [[Nova Iguaçu]], where about 800,000 persons live and is located in the center of [[Baixada Fluminense]], which compose all northern suburban cities of Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area numbering 3.5 million people.
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| − | Other [[Southeast Region, Brazil|Southeastern Brazilian]] parades are held in [[Cabo Frio]] ([[Rio de Janeiro (state)|Rio de Janeiro]]), [[Campinas]] ([[São Paulo (state)|São Paulo]]), [[Vitória, Espírito Santo|Vitória]] (capital of [[Espírito Santo]]), and [[Belo Horizonte]] and [[Uberaba]] ([[Minas Gerais]]). [[South Region, Brazil|Southern Brazilian]] parades take place in [[Curitiba]], [[Florianópolis]], [[Porto Alegre]] and [[Pelotas]], and [[Center-West Region, Brazil|Center-Western]] ones happen in [[Campo Grande]], [[Cuiabá]], [[Goiânia]] and [[Brasília]]. Across [[Northeast Region, Brazil|Northeastern Brazil]], they are present in all capitals, namely, in [[Salvador, Bahia|Salvador]], [[Aracaju]], [[Maceió]], [[Recife]], [[João Pessoa, Paraíba|João Pessoa]], [[Natal, Rio Grande do Norte|Natal]], [[Fortaleza]], [[Teresina]] and [[São Luís, Maranhão|São Luís]], and also in [[Ceará]]'s [[Sertão|hinterland]] major urban center, [[Juazeiro do Norte]]. [[North Region, Brazil|Northern Brazilian]] parades are those from [[Belém]], [[Macapá]], [[Boa Vista, Roraima|Boa Vista]] and [[Manaus]].
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| − | ==== Guyana ====
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| − | Guyana held its first pride parade in June 2018.<ref name=":0">{{cite web|url=http://demerarawaves.com/2018/06/02/virtually-incident-free-gay-pride-parade-held-in-guyana-to-demand-election-promises/|title=Virtually incident-free gay pride parade held in Guyana to demand election promises|last=Chabrol|first=Denis|date=2018-06-03|website=Demerara Waves|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-30}}</ref> It was the first in the Anglo-phone Caribbean and was successfully staged in spite of religious opposition.
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| − |
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| − | === The Caribbean ===
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| − |
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| − | ==== Barbados ====
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| − | The island nation held its first pride parade on July 2018. It attracted a diverse group, which included members of the lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) community, allies of the community, tourists and at least one member of the local clergy who came out strongly in support of the LGBT movement.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://barbadostoday.bb/2018/07/23/pride-march-organizers-pleased-with-the-outcome/|title=‘Pride march’ organizers pleased with the outcome|date=2018-07-24|website=Barbados Today|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-31}}</ref>
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| − |
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| − | ==== Guyana ====
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| − | Guyana held its first pride parade in June 2018.<ref name=":0" /> It was the first in the Anglo-phone Caribbean and was successfully staged in spite of religious opposition.
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| − |
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| − | ==== [[LGBT rights in Trinidad and Tobago|Trinidad and Tobago]] ====
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| − | Trinidad and Tobago organised its first pride parade on 27 July 2018 at the Nelson Mandela Park in [[Port of Spain]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://newsday.co.tt/2018/07/28/we-are-part-of-tt/|title=‘We are part of TT’|date=2018-07-29|website=Trinidad and Tobago Newsday|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-31}}</ref> Expressing his opinion on the march, Roman Catholic Archbishop Rev. Jason Gordon said: "TT is a democracy and as such members of society have a right to protest whenever they believe their rights are not being upheld or violated. (The) LGBT+ community has several areas where there is legitimate concern and these have to be taken seriously by the country and by the government and people of TT.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://newsday.co.tt/2018/08/03/democracy-alive-and-well/|title=Democracy alive and well|date=2018-08-03|website=Trinidad and Tobago Newsday|language=en-US|access-date=2018-12-31}}</ref> "
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| − |
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| − | ==Opposition==
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| − |
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| − | <nowiki/><nowiki/>{{More citations needed|section|date=November 2017}}
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| − | [[File:SF Pride Drag Queens.jpg|thumb|A festive float with costumed dancers at [[San Francisco Pride]] 2005]]
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| − | There is opposition to pride events both within LGBT and mainstream populations.
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| − |
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| − | Critics, such as [[Gay Shame]], charge the parades with an undue emphasis on sex and [[secual fetish|fetish-related]] interests, which they see as counterproductive to LGBT interests, and expose the "gay community" to ridicule. LGBT activists{{Who|date=July 2010}} counter that traditional media have played a role in emphasizing the most outlandish and therefore non-representative aspects of the community. This in turn has prompted participants to engage in more flamboyant costumes to gain media coverage.
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| − | Various critics have denounced what they view as a ''[[merchandization]]'' of Pride parades.<ref>{{es}} [http://blogs.publico.es/shangaylily/2014/07/02/gaypitalismo-orgullo-empresarial/ Gaypitalismo: Orgullo Empresarial.] Público. 2 July 2014</ref><ref>{{es}} [https://www.diagonalperiodico.net/cuerpo/27129-mercadeo-rosa-para-la-amnesia-del-movimiento.html Mercadeo rosa para la amnesia del movimiento.] Diagonal Periódico. 2 July 2015</ref><ref>[https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/2016/06/28/lgbt-night-march-decries-prides-corporate-sponsorship.html LGBT Night March decries Pride’s corporate sponsorship.] The Star. 28 June 2016</ref><ref>[https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2016/jun/25/san-francisco-gay-pride-corporate-orlando-shooting Too straight, white and corporate: why some queer people are skipping SF Pride.] The Guardian. 25 June 2016</ref>
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| − |
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| − | [[Socially conservative|Social conservatives]] are sometimes opposed to such events because they view them to be contrary to public morality. This belief is partly based on certain things often found in the parades, such as public nudity, [[BDSM]] paraphernalia, and other sexualized features. Within the academic community, there has been criticism that the parades actually set to strengthen homosexual-heterosexual divides and increase essentialist views.
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| − | ==Controversy==
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| − | In March 2011, [[Toronto]] mayor [[Rob Ford]] said that he would not allow city funding for the 2011 Toronto Pride Parade if organizers allowed the controversial anti-Israel group Queers Against Israeli Apartheid (QuAIA) march again that year. "Taxpayers dollars should not go toward funding hate speech", Ford said.<ref>[http://www.cjnews.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=20949&Itemid=86 Toronto mayor lays down Pride parade law]. Cjnews.com (March 10, 2011). Retrieved on 2011-07-10.</ref> In April 2011, QuAIA announced that it would not participate in the Toronto Pride Parade.<ref>[http://www.jta.org/news/article/2011/04/18/3086925/queers-against-israel-apartheid-withdraw-from-toronto-pride-parade Queers Against Israel Apartheid quits Toronto parade] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110419221138/http://www.jta.org/news/article/2011/04/18/3086925/queers-against-israel-apartheid-withdraw-from-toronto-pride-parade |date=April 19, 2011 }}. Jta.org (April 18, 2011). Retrieved on 2011-07-10.</ref>
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| − |
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| − | ==See also==
| |
| − | {{Commons category|LGBT Pride}}
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| − | * [[Dyke March]]
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| − | * [[Rainbow flag (gay movement)|Gay pride flag]]
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| − | * [[Disability Pride Parades]]
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| − |
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| − | ==References==
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| − | {{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
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| − |
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| − | ==Further reading==
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| − | {{refbegin|30em}}
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| − | # Bell, David (1991). 'Insignificant Others; Lesbian and Gay Geographies'. Wiley Blackwell.
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| − | # Brown, M (2012). 'Gender and Sexuality I; Intersectionality Anxieties'. Sage Journals.
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| − | # Bruce, Katherine McFarland (2016). ''Pride Parades: How a Parade Changed the World''. New York University Press. {{ISBN|978-1479869541}}.
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| − | # Carter, David (2004). ''Stonewall: The Riots That Sparked The Gay Revolution''. St. Martin's Press. {{ISBN|0-312-34269-1}}.
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| − | # de Waal, Shaun; Manion, Anthony; Cameron, Edwin. (Editors) ''Pride: Protest and Celebration.'' {{ISBN|978-1770092617}}.## Duberman, Martin (1993). ''Stonewall'' New York, Dutton. {{ISBN|0-452-27206-8}}.
| |
| − | # Johnston, Lynda (2009). ''Queering Tourism: Paradoxical Performances of Gay Pride Parades''. Routledge. {{ISBN|978-0415482103}}.
| |
| − | # Knopp, Larry (2007). 'From Lesbian and Gay to Queer and Geographies; Past, Prospects and Possibilities'. Ashgate Publishing Group.
| |
| − | # Loughery, John (1998). ''The Other Side of Silence – Men's Lives and Gay Identities: A Twentieth-Century History''. New York, Henry Holt and Company. {{ISBN|0-8050-3896-5}}.
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| − | # Lundberg, Anna (2007). 'Queering Laughter in the Stockholm Pride Parade'. International Institute for Social Geography, 52.
| |
| − | # Marotta, Toby (1981). ''The Politics of Homosexuality''. Boston, Houghton Mifflin Company. {{ISBN|0-395-31338-4}}.
| |
| − | # Nash, Catherine and Bain, Alison (2007). ''Reclaiming raunch’? Spatializing queer identities at Toronto women's bathhouse events'. Taylor and Francis.
| |
| − | # Stewart, Chuck (Editor) (2010). ''The Greenwood Encyclopedia of LGBT Issues Worldwide''. Greenwood Press: ABC-CLIO. {{ISBN|9780313342318}}.
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| − | # Teal, Donn (1971). ''The Gay Militants''. New York, Stein and Day. {{ISBN|0-8128-1373-1}}.
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| − | {{refend}}
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| − |
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| − | ==External links==
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| − | * [http://worldgaypridemadrid2017.com/ World Pride 2017] Madrid
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| − | * [http://www.thegaydirectory.net/category/entertainment-and-leisure/pride-events/ List of Pride Events]
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| − | * [https://web.archive.org/web/20071213064335/http://www.gaycityusa.com/pride.htm International Gay Pride Guide]
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| − | * [http://www.interpride.org/ Interpride] The International Association of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Transgender Pride Coordinators
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| − | {{LGBT|selected=culture|state=uncollapsed}}
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| − | {{Pride parades}}
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| − | {{Portal bar|LGBT}}
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| − | {{DEFAULTSORT:Pride Parade}}
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| − | [[Category:Pride parades| ]]
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| − | [[Category:LGBT events]]
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